626-82-4Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis of lutein esters by using a reusable lipase-pluronic conjugate as the catalyst
Hou, Miao,Wang, Rui,Wu, Xiaoling,Zhang, Yifei,Ge, Jun,Liu, Zheng
, p. 1825 - 1829 (2015)
An enzymatic route to synthesize lutein esters was investigated using a lipase-Pluronic conjugate as the catalyst. For the synthesis of lutein palmitate, the enzymatic process gave a conversion of 85 % for lutein and a product purity of 96 % at 50 °C within 12 h, whereas the free lipase catalyzed process achieved a conversion below 10 %. To demonstrate the generality of this enzymatic process, lutein laurate, lutein myristate and lutein stearate were also synthesized achieving conversions of 73.8, 88.5, 84.4 % respectively. Moreover, the lipase-Pluronic conjugate can be reused for batches in the synthesis of lutein esters. As demonstrated by this study, the enzyme-Pluronic conjugate holds great promise for practical applications in industrial biocatalysis. Graphical Abstract An enzymatic approach to synthesize lutein esters was investigated using a lipase-Pluronic conjugate as the catalyst.
MOFs based on 1D structural sub-domains with Br?nsted acid and redox active sites as effective bi-functional catalysts
Díaz, Urbano,Moreno, José María,Velty, Alexandra
, p. 3572 - 3585 (2020/06/25)
A novel family of lamellar MOF-type materials, which contain Br?nsted acid sites together with redox active centers, based on assembled 1D organic-inorganic nanoribbons were obtained through direct solvothermal synthesis routes, using specific monotopic benzylcarboxylate spacers with thiol substituents in thepara-position like structural modulator compounds and effective post-synthesis oxidized treatments to generate accessible sulfonic groups. Low-dimensional aluminum metal-organic materials, containing free sulfonic pendant groups (Al-ITQ-SO3H), were successfully tested in several acid reactions, such as acetalization, esterification and ring opening of epoxides with a significant impact on fine chemistry processes. The direct introduction of stabilized Pd nanoparticles, cohabitating with pendant sulfonic groups, allowed the preparation of active bi-functional MOF-type hybrid materials (Al-ITQ-SO3H/Pd) capable of carrying out one-pot two-step oxidation-acetalization reactions, exhibiting high yield and high activity during consecutive catalytic cycles.
Development and Validation of a Novel Free Fatty Acid Butyl Ester Gas Chromatography Method for the Determination of Free Fatty Acids in Dairy Products
Mannion, David T.,Furey, Ambrose,Kilcawley, Kieran N.
, p. 499 - 506 (2019/01/08)
Accurate quantification of free fatty acids in dairy products is important for both product quality control and legislative purposes. In this study, a novel fatty acid butyl ester method was developed, where extracted free fatty acids are converted to butyl esters prior to gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. The method was comprehensively validated to establish linearity (20-700 mg/L; R2 > 0.9964), limits of detection (5-8 mg/L), limits of quantification (15-20 mg/L), accuracy (1.6-5.4% relative error), interday precision (4.4-5.3% relative standard deviation), and intraday precision (0.9-5.6% relative standard deviation) for each individual free fatty acid. A total of 17 dairy samples were analyzed, covering diverse sample matrices, fat content, and degrees of lipolysis. The method was compared to direct on-column injection and fatty acid methyl ester methods and overcomes limitations associated with these methods, such as either column-phase absorption or deterioration, accurate quantification of short-chain free fatty acids, and underestimation of polyunsaturated free fatty acid.
