Nickel

Base Information

• Chemical Name: Nickel
• CAS No.: 7440-02-0
• Deprecated CAS: 112084-17-0,17375-04-1,195161-84-3,39303-46-3,53527-81-4,8049-31-8,134631-46-2,1250376-70-5,1250376-73-8,1262528-31-3,1437722-77-4,1437723-06-2,1437723-36-8,1628452-65-2,2088200-08-0,623574-57-2,878162-96-0,2230258-36-1,206281-40-5,1250376-70-5,1250376-73-8,1262528-31-3,134631-46-2,1437722-77-4,1437723-06-2,1437723-36-8,1628452-65-2,17375-04-1,195161-84-3,39303-46-3,53527-81-4,623574-57-2,8049-31-8
• Molecular Formula: Ni
• Molecular Weight: 58.69
• Hs Code.: 38151100
• European Community (EC) Number: 231-111-4,935-135-2,937-244-0
• ICSC Number: 0062
• UN Number: 2881,3077
• UNII: 7OV03QG267,NUZ5T2QN2V
• DSSTox Substance ID: DTXSID2020925,DTXSID20872443
• Nikkaji Number: J3.729J
• Wikipedia: Nickel
• Wikidata: Q744,Q27113549
• NCI Thesaurus Code: C690
• Mol file: 7440-02-0.mol

Synonyms:Nickel

Chemical Property of Nickel

Chemical Property:

• Appearance/Colour: silver white, hard, malleable metal chunks or grey powder
• Melting Point: 212 °C (dec.)(lit.)
• Boiling Point: 2732 °C(lit.)
• PSA: 0.00000
• Density: 8.9 g/cm³
• LogP: 0.00000
• Storage Temp.: Flammables area
• Sensitive.: air sensitive
• Water Solubility.: It is insoluble in water.
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 0
• Rotatable Bond Count: 0
• Exact Mass: 57.935342
• Heavy Atom Count: 1
• Complexity: 0
• Transport DOT Label: Spontaneously Combustible

Purity/Quality:

99% ^*data from raw suppliers

Nickel powder, <50 μm, 99.7% trace metals basis ^*data from reagent suppliers

Safty Information:

• Pictogram(s): Xn, Xi, C, F
• Hazard Codes: C,Xi,Xn,F,T
• Statements: 34-50/53-43-40-10-17-52/53-48/23
• Safety Statements: 26-45-60-61-36-22-36/37-16-15-5-36/37/39-43-28

MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Total 1 MSDS from other Authors

Useful:

• Chemical Classes: Metals -> Nickel Compounds, Inorganic
• Canonical SMILES: [Ni]
• Recent ClinicalTrials: Vinorelbine and Ifosfamide as Third-line Treatment for Refractory Small Cell Lung Cancer
• Inhalation Risk: Evaporation at 20 °C is negligible; a harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly when dispersed.
• Effects of Short Term Exposure: May cause mechanical irritation. Inhalation of fume may cause pneumonitis.
• Effects of Long Term Exposure: Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. Repeated or prolonged inhalation may cause asthma. The substance may have effects on the respiratory tract. This may result in chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract and fibrosis. This substance is possibly carcinogenic to humans if inhaled.
• Uses: The most important applications of nickel metal involve its use in numerous alloys. Such alloys are used to construct various equipment, reaction vessels, plumbing parts, missile, and aerospace components. Such nickel-based alloys include Monel, Inconel, Hastelloy, Nichrome, Duranickel, Udinet, Incoloy and many other alloys under various other trade names. The metal itself has some major uses. Nickel anodes are used for nickel plating of many base metals to enhance their resistance to corrosion. Nickel-plated metals are used in various equipment, machine parts, printing plates, and many household items such as scissors, keys, clips, pins, and decorative pieces. Nickel powder is used as porous electrodes in storage batteries and fuel cells. Another major industrial use of nickel is in catalysis. Nickel and raney nickel are used in catalytic hydrogenation or dehydrogenation of organic compounds including olefins, fats, and oils. Nickel-plating; for various alloys such as new silver, Chinese silver, German silver; for coins, electrotypes, storage batteries; magnets, lightning-rod tips, electrical contacts and electrodes, spark plugs, machinery parts; catalyst for hydrogenation of oils and other organic substances. See also Raney nickel. manufacture of Monel metal, stainless steels, heat resistant steels, heat and corrosion resistant alloys, nickel-chrome resistance wire; in alloys for electronic and space applications. Nickel is used in various alloys, such asGerman silver, Monel, and nickel–chrome;for coins; in storage batteries; in spark plugs;and as a hydrogenation catalyst. The most common use of nickel is as an alloy metal with iron and steel to make stainlesssteel, which contains from 5% to 15% nickel. The higher the percentage of nickel in stainlesssteel, the greater the steel’s resistance to corrosion—particularly when exposed to seawater.Nickel is also alloyed with copper to make Monel metal, which was widely used before stainless steel became more economical and practical. It was used for many purposes as varied ashousehold appliances and general manufacturing. Nickel is also used to electroplate othermetals to provide a noncorrosive protective and attractive finish.
• Description: Nickel is a hard, silvery white, malleable metal chunk or grey powder. Nickel powder is pyrophoric – can ignite spontaneously. It may react violently with titanium, ammonium nitrate, potassium perchlorate, and hydrazoic acid. It is incompatible with acids, oxidising agents, and sulphur. The industrially important nickel compounds are nickel oxide (NiO), nickel acetate (Ni(C2H3O2), nickel carbonate (NiCO3), nickel carbonyl (Ni(CO)4), nickel subsulphide (NiS2), nickelocene (C5H5)2Ni, and nickel sulphate hexahydrate (NiSO4 · 6H2O). Nickel compounds have been well established as human carcinogens. Investigations into the molecular mechanisms of nickel carcinogenesis have revealed that not all nickel compounds are equally carcinogenic: certain water-insoluble nickel compounds exhibit potent carcinogenic activity, whereas highly water-soluble nickel compounds exhibit less potency. The reason for the high carcinogenic activity of certain water-insoluble nickel compounds relates to their bioavailability and the ability of the nickel ions to enter cells and reach chromatin. The water-insoluble nickel compounds enter cells quite efficiently via phagocytic processes and subsequent intracellular dissolution. Nickel is classified as a borderline metal ion because it has both soft and hard metal properties and it can bind to sulphur, nitrogen, and oxygen groups. Nickel ions are very similar in structure and coordination properties to magnesium.
• Physical properties: Nickel metal does not exist freely in nature. Rather, it is located as compounds in ores ofvarying colors, ranging from reddish-brown rocks to greenish and yellowish deposits, andin copper ores. Once refined from its ore, the metallic nickel is a silver-white and hard butmalleable and ductile metal that can be worked hot or cold to fabricate many items. Nickel,located in group 10, and its close neighbor, copper, just to its right in group 11 of the periodictable, have two major differences. Nickel is a poor conductor of electricity, and copper is anexcellent conductor, and although copper is not magnetic, nickel is. Nickel’s melting point is1,455°C, its boiling point is 2,913°C, and its density is 8.912 g/cm3.

Technology Process of Nickel

There total 957 articles about Nickel which guide to synthetic route it. The literature collected by LookChem mainly comes from the sharing of users and the free literature resources found by Internet computing technology. We keep the original model of the professional version of literature to make it easier and faster for users to retrieve and use. At the same time, we analyze and calculate the most feasible synthesis route with the highest yield for your reference as below:

synthetic route:

Reference yield: 80.6%

bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel (0) (1295-35-8) → nickel (7440-02-0) + tetracarbonyl nickel (13463-39-3,71564-36-8) + cyclo-octa-1,5-diene (5259-72-3,10060-40-9,111-78-4)

Guidance literature:

With carbon monoxide; In hexane; -40°C, warming within 1 h to 0-20°C;

Reference yield:

nickel(II) oxide (1313-99-1) + iron (7439-89-6) → iron(II) oxide (1345-25-1) + nickel (7440-02-0)

Guidance literature:

in vac. or exclusion of O2;

Reference yield:

aluminium (7429-90-5) → aluminum oxide (1333-84-2,1344-28-1) + nickel (7440-02-0)

Guidance literature:

With Ni oxide; In neat (no solvent); thermite process; exclusion of air; mixture of finely dispersed Al and metal oxide is locally ignited by ignition mixture; strong evolution of heat;; mixture of molten Al2O3 and metal obtained;;

upstream raw materials:

nickel diacetate

nickel(II) oxide

sodium hypophosphite

carbazic acid

Downstream raw materials:

3-(3-chloropropoxy)benzenamine

trans-4-[6-(4-amino-phenylamino)-9-ethyl-9H-purin-2-yl-amino]-cyclohexanol

4-(1-amino-ethyl)-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

5-Fluoro-2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-aniline

Refernces

• 1、 Terao, Nobuzo,Berghezan, Aurel. "Transformation of the metal networks under the influence of insertion elements: Transformation of nickel under the influence of nitrogen". . p. 139 - 148. Retrieved 1959.
• 2、 Gong, Chunhong,Tian, Juntao,Zhang, Jingwei,Zhang, Xuefeng,Yu, Laigui,Zhang, Zhijun. "Effect of processing conditions on the structure and collective magnetic properties of flowerlike nickel nanostructures". . p. 682 - 687. Retrieved 2010.
• 3、 Josell,Baker,Witt,Wheeler,Moffat. "Via filling by electrodeposition superconformal silver and copper and conformal nickel". . p. C637-C641. Retrieved 2002.
• 4、 Fan,Celis,Roos. "Relation between plating overpotential and porosity of thin nickel electrolytic coatings". . p. 2917 - 2920. Retrieved 1991.
• 5、 Hansal, Wolfgang E.G.,Tury, Barbara,Halmdienst, Martina,Varsányi, Magda Lakatos,Kautek, Wolfgang. "Pulse reverse plating of Ni-Co alloys: Deposition kinetics of Watts, sulfamate and chloride electrolytes". . p. 1145 - 1151. Retrieved 2006.
• 6、 Bousnina,Dakhlaoui Omrani,Schoenstein,Madec,Haddadi,Smiri,Jouini. "Spark plasma sintering and hot isostatic pressing of nickel nanopowders elaborated by a modified polyol process and their microstructure, magnetic and mechanical characterization". . p. S323-S327. Retrieved 2010.
• 7、 Zhang,Zhang,Wu,Wang,Jia,Jia. "Preparation and pattern recognition of metallic Ni ultrafine powders by electroless plating". . p. 220 - 226. Retrieved 2006.
• 8、 Ni, Xiaomin,Zhao, Qingbiao,Zheng, Huagui,Song, Jimei,Zhang, Dongen,Zhang, Xiaojun. "A novel chemical reduction route towards the synthesis of crystalline nickel nanoflowers from a mixed source". . p. 4788 - 4793. Retrieved 2005.
• 9、 Chen, Huiyu,Xu, Chunju,Chen, Chuang,Zhao, Guizhe,Liu, Yaqing. "Flower-like hierarchical nickel microstructures: Facile synthesis, growth mechanism, and their magnetic properties". . p. 1839 - 1844. Retrieved 2012.
• 10、 Campbell, A. N.,Mullendore, A. W.,Hills, C. R.,Vandersande, J. B.. "Effect of boron on the microstructure and physical properties of chemically vapour deposited nickel films". . . Retrieved 1988.