876-02-8

Basic information

• Product Name: 4'-Hydroxy-3'-methylacetophenone
• Synonyms: Ethanone, 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)-;1-(4-HYDROXY-3-METHYLPHENYL)ETHAN-1-ONE;1-(4-HYDROXY-3-METHYLPHENYL)ETHANONE;4-ACETYL-2-METHYLPHENOL;4'-HYDROXY-3'-METHYLACETOPHENONE;4-HYDROXY-3-METHYLACETOPHENONE;3'-Methyl-4'-Hydroxy Acetophenone;4'-Hydroxy-3'-methylacetophenone, 99.5+%
• CAS NO: 876-02-8
• Molecular Formula: C₉H₁₀O₂
• Molecular Weight: 150.17
• EINECS: 212-880-5
• Product Categories: Aromatic Acetophenones & Derivatives (substituted);Benzene series;Benzene derivatives;C9;Carbonyl Compounds;Ketones;Building Blocks;Carbonyl Compounds;Chemical Synthesis;Organic Building Blocks
• Mol File: 876-02-8.mol
• Article Data: 15

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 107-109 °C(lit.)
• Boiling Point: 175°C 1mm
• Flash Point: 175°C/1mm
• Appearance: white to light beige crystalline powder
• Density: 1.0858 (rough estimate)
• Refractive Index: 1.5180 (estimate)
• Storage Temp.: Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
• Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
• PKA: 8.52±0.18(Predicted)
• BRN: 2041839
• CAS DataBase Reference: 4'-Hydroxy-3'-methylacetophenone(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: 4'-Hydroxy-3'-methylacetophenone(876-02-8)
• EPA Substance Registry System: 4'-Hydroxy-3'-methylacetophenone(876-02-8)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: Xi,Xn
• Statements: 36/37/38-22
• Safety Statements: 36/37/39-26-22-37/39
• WGK Germany: 3
• HazardClass: IRRITANT
• Hazardous Substances Data: 876-02-8(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Description

4'-Hydroxy-3'-methylacetophenone is an organic compound that serves as an important intermediate in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals and chemical compounds. It is characterized by its unique molecular structure, which features a hydroxyl group at the 4' position and a methyl group at the 3' position on an acetophenone backbone.

Uses

Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
4'-Hydroxy-3'-methylacetophenone is used as a key intermediate in the synthesis of 3-De(hydroxymethyl)-3-methyl Salmeterol (D230650), which is an impurity of the β2-Adrenergic agonist Salmeterol (S090100). This synthesis is crucial for the development and production of Salmeterol, a medication used to treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by relaxing the muscles in the airways and increasing air flow to the lungs.
In the pharmaceutical industry, 4'-Hydroxy-3'-methylacetophenone plays a vital role in the production of Salmeterol, ensuring the quality and efficacy of this essential medication for respiratory conditions. Its use in the synthesis of impurities also helps in maintaining the safety and purity standards of the final product, contributing to the overall well-being of patients who rely on Salmeterol for relief from their respiratory symptoms.

Preparation

Preparation by dealkylation of 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-iso-propylacetophenone with aluminium chloride in chloro-benzene at 50° (53%).

Synthetic route

ortho-cresol (95-48-7) + acetyl chloride (75-36-5) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8)

Conditions	Yield
With aluminium trichloride In carbon disulfide 1.) RT, 1 h, 2.) reflux, 12 h;	96%
With sublimated iron chloride

acetic acid (64-19-7) + ortho-cresol (95-48-7) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 2-acetyl-6-methylphenol (699-91-2)

Conditions	Yield
With aluminum oxide; methanesulfonic acid at 140℃; for 5h;	A 92% B 8%
With aluminum oxide; methanesulfonic acid at 140℃; for 0.0833333h;	A 92% B 8%

2-methylphenyl acetate (533-18-6) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 2-acetyl-6-methylphenol (699-91-2)

Conditions	Yield
With aluminum oxide; methanesulfonic acid at 160℃; for 0.166667h;	A 85% B 15%
With potassium carbonate In hexane at 25℃; for 12h; Irradiation;	A 12% B 74%
With zirconium(IV) chloride In dichloromethane for 8h; Ambient temperature; Irradiation;	A 32% B 47%
With aluminum (III) chloride at 120 - 180℃; for 2h; Fries Phenol Ester Rearrangement;

acetic acid (64-19-7) + ortho-cresol (95-48-7) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: acetic acid With trifluoromethylsulfonic anhydride at 20 - 60℃; Stage #2: ortho-cresol at 60℃; for 0.166667h; regiospecific reaction;	83%

2-methylphenyl acetate (533-18-6) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8)

Conditions	Yield
With aluminium trichloride In nitromethane at 50℃; Fries rearrangement;	76%
With N,N-dimethyl-formamide; zinc at 68℃; for 5h; Fries rearrangement; microwave irradiation;	74%
With aluminum (III) chloride at 25 - 165℃; for 2h;	28%

4'-amino-3'-methyl-acetophenone (43230-11-1) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride; sodium nitrite durch Erhitzen der Diazoniumsalzloesung;

1-ethynyl-4-methyl-cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-diol (103262-79-9) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid

ortho-cresol (95-48-7) + acetyl chloride (75-36-5) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 2-acetyl-6-methylphenol (699-91-2)

Conditions	Yield
With titanium tetrachloride; nitrobenzene at 30℃;

ortho-cresol (95-48-7) + acetonitrile (75-05-8) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8)

Conditions	Yield
With trifluorormethanesulfonic acid 1.) room temperature, 1.5-3.5 h, 2.) 14 d; Yield given. Multistep reaction;

ortho-cresol (95-48-7) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8)

Conditions	Yield
titanium tetrachloride
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: sulfuric acid / 0.5 h / 20 °C 2: aluminum (III) chloride / 2 h / 120 - 180 °C View Scheme

4-methoxy-3-methylacetophenone (10024-90-5) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8)

Conditions	Yield
With pyridine hydrochloride

aluminium trichloride (7446-70-0) + ortho-cresol (95-48-7) + nitrobenzene (98-95-3) + acetyl chloride (75-36-5) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 2-acetyl-6-methylphenol (699-91-2)

Conditions	Yield
at 60℃; Product distribution;

titanium tetrachloride (7550-45-0) + ortho-cresol (95-48-7) + nitrobenzene (98-95-3) + acetyl chloride (75-36-5) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 2-acetyl-6-methylphenol (699-91-2)

Conditions	Yield
at 60℃; Product distribution;

aluminium trichloride (7446-70-0) + 2-methylphenyl acetate (533-18-6) + nitrobenzene (98-95-3) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8)

Conditions	Yield
at 20℃;

aluminium trichloride (7446-70-0) + 2-methylphenyl acetate (533-18-6) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 2-acetyl-6-methylphenol (699-91-2) + ortho-cresol (95-48-7)

Conditions	Yield
at 160 - 180℃; Product distribution;

2-methylphenyl acetate (533-18-6) + titanium tetrachloride (7550-45-0) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 2-acetyl-6-methylphenol (699-91-2) + ortho-cresol (95-48-7)

Conditions	Yield
at 165℃; Product distribution;

aluminium trichloride (7446-70-0) + 2-methylphenyl acetate (533-18-6) + nitrobenzene (98-95-3) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 2-acetyl-6-methylphenol (699-91-2) + ortho-cresol (95-48-7)

Conditions	Yield
at 25℃; Product distribution;
at 60℃; Product distribution;

2-methylphenyl acetate (533-18-6) + titanium tetrachloride (7550-45-0) + nitrobenzene (98-95-3) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 2-acetyl-6-methylphenol (699-91-2) + ortho-cresol (95-48-7)

Conditions	Yield
at 30 - 60℃; Product distribution;

2-methylphenyl acetate (533-18-6) + titanium tetrachloride (7550-45-0) + chlorobenzene (108-90-7) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 2-acetyl-6-methylphenol (699-91-2) + ortho-cresol (95-48-7)

Conditions	Yield
at 40℃; Product distribution;

2-methylphenyl acetate (533-18-6) + titanium tetrachloride (7550-45-0) + 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (79-34-5) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 2-acetyl-6-methylphenol (699-91-2) + ortho-cresol (95-48-7)

Conditions	Yield
at 40℃; Product distribution;

2-methylphenyl acetate (533-18-6) + titanium tetrachloride (7550-45-0) + benzene (71-43-2) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 2-acetyl-6-methylphenol (699-91-2) + ortho-cresol (95-48-7)

Conditions	Yield
at 40℃; Product distribution;

ortho-cresol (95-48-7) + allyl halide → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: 99 percent / triethylamine / CH2Cl2 / 20 °C 2: 76 percent / AlCl3 / nitromethane / 50 °C View Scheme

o-toluidine (95-53-4) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: zinc chloride / man zersetzt das Reaktionsprodukt durch Kochen mit konz. Salzsaeure 2: NaNO2; diluted hydrochloric acid / durch Erhitzen der Diazoniumsalzloesung View Scheme

acetic anhydride (108-24-7) + ortho-cresol (95-48-7) → 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8)

Conditions	Yield
With aluminum (III) chloride at 160℃; for 8h;

trifluoromethylsulfonic anhydride (358-23-6) + 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) → 4-acetyl-2-methylphenyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (252561-07-2)

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine at -40℃; for 0.25h;	100%
With triethylamine In dichloromethane at 18 - 25℃; for 16h;	85%
With triethylamine In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 16h;	85%
With triethylamine In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 16h;	85%
With 2,6-dimethylpyridine; dmap In dichloromethane at -78℃;

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 1,2-bis-tosyloxyethane (6315-52-2) → 1,2-Bis-<4-acetyl-2-methyl-phenoxy>-aethan (94757-23-0)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium carbonate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide	100%

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + benzyl bromide (100-39-0) → 1-(4-(benzyloxy)-3-methylphenyl)ethanone (56443-69-7)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium carbonate In acetone at 0℃; for 1h; Reflux; Inert atmosphere;	100%
With sodium hydroxide; tetrabutylammomium bromide In dichloromethane at 20℃;	99%
With potassium carbonate In acetone for 5h; Heating;	97%

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + ethyl bromoacetate (105-36-2) → ethyl 2-(4-acetyl-2-methylphenoxy)acetate (42018-09-7)

Conditions	Yield
With caesium carbonate In acetonitrile at 50℃; for 2h;	100%
With potassium carbonate In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 8h;
With caesium carbonate In acetonitrile at 20℃;
With potassium carbonate In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 8h;
With caesium carbonate In acetonitrile at 20℃;

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + bromoacetic acid methyl ester (96-32-2) → (4-acetyl-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid methyl ester (166953-80-6)

Conditions	Yield
With caesium carbonate In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 16h; Williamson reaction;	99%
With potassium carbonate In butanone for 1h; Heating / reflux;	95%
With potassium carbonate In butanone for 1h; Reflux;	95%

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 1-(Bromomethyl)-3-fluorobenzene (456-41-7) → 1-{4-[(3-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-3-methylphenyl}ethanone (758706-54-6)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium carbonate In acetonitrile at 80℃; for 1h;	98%

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + chloroacetic acid ethyl ester (105-39-5) → ethyl 2-(4-acetyl-2-methylphenoxy)acetate (42018-09-7)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium carbonate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 60℃; for 18h;	98%

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) → 4-acetyl-2-methylphenyl sulfurofluoridate

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone With potassium fluoride; potassium carbonate; N,N`-sulfuryldiimidazole; trifluoroacetic acid In water; acetonitrile Stage #2: In water; acetonitrile at 20℃; for 18h;	97%

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + methyl iodide (74-88-4) → 4-methoxy-3-methylacetophenone (10024-90-5)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium carbonate In acetone for 5h; Heating;	96%
With potassium carbonate In acetone	82.4%
In water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide	71%

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 1,3-chlorobromopropane (109-70-6) → 1-[4-(3-chloropropoxy)-3-methylphenyl]ethanone (111627-47-5)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium carbonate In acetone for 24h; Heating;	95%
With potassium carbonate In acetone	35.8 g (95%)

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (98-59-9) → 3-methyl-4-(tosyloxy)acetophenone (85257-88-1)

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In dichloromethane	95%

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) → 4-ethyl-2-methylphenol (2219-73-0)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen; palladium(II) hydroxide/carbon In acetic acid at 25℃; under 3102.97 Torr; for 16h;	93%
With 20 % Pd(OH)2/C; hydrogen In acetic acid under 3102.97 Torr; for 16h;	93%
With molybdenum (IV) sulfide at 270℃; Hydrogenation;

methyl (2-formylphenyl)-3-methoxyprop-(E)2-enoate + 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + N-methoxylamine hydrochloride (593-56-6) → 2-methyl-4-(1-methoxyimino-ethyl)phenol (147501-21-1)

Conditions	Yield
In methanol; dichloromethane	93%

4-hydroxy[1]benzopyran-2-one (1076-38-6) + 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 2-imidazolecarbaldehyde (10111-08-7) → 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)-4-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)pyrano[3,2-c]chromen-5(4H)-one

Conditions	Yield
In ethanol at 20℃; for 3.5h; Irradiation;	92%

2-chloro-5-nitropyridine (4548-45-2) + 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) → 1-{3-methyl-4-[(5-nitropyridin-2-yl)oxy]phenyl}ethanone (758706-59-1)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium carbonate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide	89%

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl bromide (32247-96-4) → 1-[4-(3,5-Bis-trifluoromethyl-benzyloxy)-3-methyl-phenyl]-ethanone

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide In water; acetonitrile for 5h; Heating;	88%

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + rac-3-bromocyclohexene (1521-51-3) → C15H18O2

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone With sodium hydride In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: rac-3-bromocyclohexene In N,N-dimethyl-d6-formamide at 20℃;	88%
Stage #1: 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone With sodium hydride In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; mineral oil at 20℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: rac-3-bromocyclohexene In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; mineral oil at 20℃;	88%

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde (123-08-0) → 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one (2910-75-0)

Conditions	Yield
With thionyl chloride In methanol for 2h; Claisen-Schmidt Condensation;	88%

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) → (rac)-4-(1-hydroxyethyl)-2-methylphenol (62072-59-7)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium tetrahydroborate; cerium(III) chloride heptahydrate In methanol at 20℃; for 0.383333h;	87%
With sodium hydroxide; ethanol; palladium Hydrogenation;

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) → 1-(4-hydroxy-3-iodo-5-methylphenyl)ethanone

Conditions	Yield
With 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazolinesulfonate); laccase; potassium iodide In dimethyl sulfoxide at 20℃; for 15h; pH=5; Enzymatic reaction;	87%
Stage #1: 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone With iodine; sodium acetate In methanol for 1h; Reflux; Stage #2: With sodium hydroxide In methanol; water for 1h; Reflux;	86.8%
With iodine; iodic acid In ethanol; water at 35 - 40℃; for 1.5h;

4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carbaldehyde (82294-70-0) + 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) → (E)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methyIphenyI)-3-(4-methylthiazoI-5-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (1086627-08-8)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carbaldehyde; 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone With sodium hydroxide In ethanol at 0 - 20℃; for 18h; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride; water In ethanol pH=4 - 5;	87%

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + 4-Carboxybenzaldehyde (619-66-9) → (E)-4-(3-(3-(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-enyl)phenoxy)acetic acid (934826-21-8)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone; 4-Carboxybenzaldehyde With potassium hydroxide In methanol; water at 0℃; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride In methanol; water pH=4 - 5;	87%
With potassium hydroxide In methanol; water Cooling with ice;

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) → 3-methyl-4-chloropropoxyacetophenone

Conditions	Yield
	86%

formaldehyd (50-00-0) + 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + N,N-dimethylammonium chloride (506-59-2) → 3-dimethylamino-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methyl-phenyl)-propan-1-one hydrochloride (1076690-73-7)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride In ethanol at 95℃; for 18h;	84%

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + diphenylcyclopropenone (886-38-4) → (E)-4-acetyl-2-methylphenyl 2,3-diphenyl acrylate

Conditions	Yield
With palladium diacetate; potassium carbonate; 1,3-bis[2,6-diisopropylphenyl]imidazolium chloride In toluene at 60℃; for 2h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere;	83%

4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl methyl ketone (876-02-8) + potassium carbonate (584-08-7) + methyl iodide (74-88-4) → 4-methoxy-3-methylacetophenone (10024-90-5)

Conditions	Yield
In acetone	82.4%
In acetone	82.4%
In acetone	82.4%
In acetone	82.4%

Upstream product

• 43230-11-1 4'-amino-3'-methyl-acetophenone 
• 95-48-7 ortho-cresol 
• 75-05-8 acetonitrile 
• 7446-70-0 aluminium trichloride 
• 98-95-3 nitrobenzene 
• 75-36-5 acetyl chloride 
• 7550-45-0 titanium tetrachloride 
• 108-24-7 acetic anhydride 
• 95-53-4 o-toluidine 
• 533-18-6 2-methylphenyl acetate 
• 71-43-2 benzene 
• 79-34-5 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 
• 108-90-7 chlorobenzene 
• 64-19-7 acetic acid 

Downstream Products

• 99174-34-2 1,4-Bis-<4-acetyl-2-methyl-phenoxy>-butan 
• 98270-13-4 1,5-Bis-<4-acetyl-2-methyl-phenoxy>-pentan 
• 94757-23-0 1,2-Bis-<4-acetyl-2-methyl-phenoxy>-aethan 
• 99055-07-9 Bis-<4-acetyl-2-methyl-phenoxy>-methan 
• 4992-60-3 4,4'-Dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-chalkon 
• 364333-66-4 1-[3-methyl-4-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-phenyl]-ethanone 
• 85257-88-1 3-methyl-4-(tosyloxy)acetophenone 
• 816456-20-9 4-[2-(4-acetyl-2-methyl-phenoxy)-ethyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid ethyl ester 
• 435303-23-4 2-(4-acetyl-2-methylphenoxy)-2-methylpropionic acid ethyl ester 
• 252561-74-3 4,4,4-Trifluoro-1-[3-methyl-4-(1,3-thiazol-4-yl)phenyl]-1,3-butanedione 
• 252561-10-7 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-(4-furan-2-yl-3-methyl-phenyl)-butane-1,3-dione 
• 252563-23-8 4,4-difluoro-1-(3-methyl-4-thiazol-4-yl-phenyl)-butane-1,3-dione 
• 252561-08-3 1-(4-furan-2-yl-3-methyl-phenyl)-ethanone 
• 252561-73-2 1-[3-methyl-4-(1,3-thiazol-4-yl)phenyl]-1-ethanone 

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