7789-29-9

Basic information

• Product Name: Potassium hydrogen fluoride
• Synonyms: Bifluorure de potassium;bifluoruredepotassium;Hydrogen potassium fluoride;hydrogenpotassiumfluoride;K(HF2);NA 1811;Potassium acid fluoride;Potassium fluoride (K(HF2))
• CAS NO: 7789-29-9
• Molecular Formula: F2HK
• Molecular Weight: 78.1
• EINECS: 232-156-2
• Product Categories: Inorganic Chemicals;Inorganics;C-X Bond Formation (Halogen);Fluorination;Synthetic Reagents;metal halide;Fluorination Reagents;Chemical Synthesis;Synthetic Reagents
• Mol File: 7789-29-9.mol
• Article Data: 0

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 239 °C(lit.)
• Boiling Point: 19.5 °C at 760 mmHg
• Appearance: White to light gray/Crystals or Crystalline Powder
• Density: 2.37 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
• Water Solubility: 39 g/100 mL (20 ºC)
• Sensitive: Hygroscopic
• Merck: 14,7610
• CAS DataBase Reference: Potassium hydrogen fluoride(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: Potassium hydrogen fluoride(7789-29-9)
• EPA Substance Registry System: Potassium hydrogen fluoride(7789-29-9)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: T,C
• Statements: 25-34
• Safety Statements: 26-36/37/39-45-37-22
• RIDADR: UN 3421 8/PG 2
• WGK Germany: 1
• RTECS: TS6650000
• F: 3
• TSCA: Yes
• HazardClass: 8
• PackingGroup: II
• Hazardous Substances Data: 7789-29-9(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Description

Potassium hydrogen fluoride, also known as potassium bifluoride, is a colorless crystalline compound that is corrosive to tissues and has the ability to etch glass surfaces. It exists in the form of white to light grey crystals or crystalline powder.

Uses

Used in Glass Industry:
Potassium hydrogen fluoride is used as an etchant for glass surfaces, allowing for the creation of special optical glasses such as crown and crown flint glass.
Used in Cleaning Products:
It is utilized in cleaning products due to its etching properties, which help in removing stains and dirt effectively.
Used in Chemical Synthesis:
Potassium hydrogen fluoride serves as a fluorinating agent for the synthesis of various organic and inorganic fluorine compounds. It is particularly used in the ring-opening of epoxides and cyclopropanes, as well as in the synthesis of trifluoroborates from organoborons.
Used in Textile Industry:
It is applied as a finishing agent for fabrics, enhancing their properties and performance.
Used in Firefighting:
Potassium hydrogen fluoride is a component of extinguishing agents, contributing to effective fire suppression.
Used in Electroplating:
It is used in electroplating baths, aiding in the deposition of metal coatings on various surfaces.
Used in Lubrication:
Potassium hydrogen fluoride serves as a lubricating oil, reducing friction and wear in mechanical systems.
Used in Medical Applications:
Potassium hydrogen fluoride is used as an oxygen carrier in blood substitutes, providing oxygen transport in medical treatments.
Used in Manufacturing:
It is involved in the manufacturing of wood preservatives, soldering agents, and brazing materials.
Used in Catalysts:
Potassium hydrogen fluoride acts as a catalyst in the alkylation of benzene with olefins, promoting chemical reactions in the production of various chemicals.
Used in Coal Treatment:
It is used for treating coal to prevent slag formation, improving the efficiency of coal combustion.
Used in Silver Solder Flux:
Potassium hydrogen fluoride serves as a flux for silver solders, ensuring proper soldering and bonding of metal surfaces.
Used in Fluorine Production:
Potassium hydrogen fluoride is used as an electrolyte in the manufacture of fluorine gas.
Used in Potassium Fluoride Preparation:
It is utilized in the preparation of pure potassium fluoride, a compound with various applications in different industries.

References

[1] Gary A. Molander, David J. Cooper and Stephen W. Wright, Potassium Hydrogen Fluoride, e-EROS Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, 2001 [2] Bernd Basner, Houben-Weyl Methods of Organic Chemistry Vol. E 10b/1, 4th Edition, 1999 [3] Francis I. Onuska and Francis W. Karasek, Open Tubular Column Gas Chromatography in Environmental Sciences, 1984 [4] Michael Howe, Wheel cleaning composition containing acid fluoride salts, Patent “US 5556833 A”, 1996 [5] Grzegorz Lewandowski, Egbert Meissner and Eugeniusz Milchert, Special applications of fluorinated organic compounds, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2006, vol. 136, 385-391

Air & Water Reactions

Water soluble giving strongly acidic solutions.

Reactivity Profile

Acidic salts, such as Potassium hydrogen fluoride, are generally soluble in water. The resulting solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydrogen ions and have pH's of less than 7.0. They react as acids to neutralize bases. These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of inorganic acids, inorganic oxoacids, and carboxylic acid. They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible.

Health Hazard

TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

Fire Hazard

Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated.

Safety Profile

A poison. Very corrosive and reactive. A corrosive irritant to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of F and K2O. See also FLUORIDES and HYDROFLUORIC ACID.

Purification Methods

It crystallises from water. It is very soluble in hot H2O and 41% at 21o. [Kwasnik in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 237 1963.]

InChI:InChI=1/FH.K/h1H;/q;+1