7756-96-9Relevant articles and documents
Halogen-substituted anthranilic acid derivatives provide a novel chemical platform for androgen receptor antagonists
Roell, Daniela,R?sler, Thomas W.,Hessenkemper, Wiebke,Kraft, Florian,Hauschild, Monique,Bartsch, Sophie,Abraham, Tsion E.,Houtsmuller, Adriaan B.,Matusch, Rudolf,van Royen, Martin E.,Baniahmad, Aria
, p. 59 - 70 (2019/02/01)
Androgen receptor (AR) antagonists are used for hormone therapy of prostate cancer (PCa). However resistance to the treatment occurs eventually. One possible reason is the occurrence of AR mutations that prevent inhibition of AR-mediated transactivation by antagonists. To offer in future more options to inhibit AR signaling, novel chemical lead structures for new AR antagonists would be beneficial. Here we analyzed structure-activity relationships of a battery of 36 non-steroidal structural variants of methyl anthranilate including 23 synthesized compounds. We identified structural requirements that lead to more potent AR antagonists. Specific compounds inhibit the transactivation of wild-type AR as well as AR mutants that render treatment resistance to hydroxyflutamide, bicalutamide and the second-generation AR antagonist enzalutamide. This suggests a distinct mode of inhibiting the AR compared to the clinically used compounds. Competition assays suggest binding of these compounds to the AR ligand binding domain and inhibit PCa cell proliferation. Moreover, active compounds induce cellular senescence despite inhibition of AR-mediated transactivation indicating a transactivation-independent AR-pathway. In line with this, fluorescence resonance after photobleaching (FRAP) - assays reveal higher mobility of the AR in the cell nuclei. Mechanistically, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) - assays indicate that the amino-carboxy (N/C)-interaction of the AR is not affected, which is in contrast to known AR-antagonists. This suggests a mechanistically novel mode of AR-antagonism. Together, these findings indicate the identification of a novel chemical platform as a new lead structure that extends the diversity of known AR antagonists and possesses a distinct mode of antagonizing AR-function.
Transition-metal-catalyst-free synthesis of anthranilic acid derivatives by transfer hydrogenative coupling of 2-nitroaryl methanols with alcohols/amines
Zhang, Shudi,Tan, Zhenda,Xiong, Biao,Jiang, Huan Feng,Zhang, Min
supporting information, p. 531 - 535 (2018/02/07)
By using a transfer hydrogenative coupling strategy, we herein describe a new method for the efficient synthesis of anthranilic acid derivatives, a significantly important class of compounds with extensive applications in organic synthesis and the discovery of bioactive molecules, from 2-nitroaryl methanols and readily available alcohols/amines. The synthesis proceeds with the merits of no need for a transition metal catalyst, operational simplicity, broad substrate scope, good functional tolerance, and high step efficiency, which offers a useful alternative to access anthranilic acid derivatives.
Competitive homolytic and heterolytic decomposition pathways of gas-phase negative ions generated from aminobenzoate esters
Xia, Hanxue,Zhang, Yong,Pavlov, Julius,Jariwala, Freneil B.,Attygalle, Athula B.
, p. 245 - 253 (2016/03/15)
An alkyl-radical loss and an alkene loss are two competitive fragmentation pathways that deprotonated aminobenzoate esters undergo upon activation under mass spectrometric conditions. For the meta and para isomers, the alkyl-radical loss by a homolytic cleavage of the alkyl-oxygen bond of the ester moiety is the predominant fragmentation pathway, while the contribution from the alkene elimination by a heterolytic pathway is less significant. In contrast, owing to a pronounced charge-mediated ortho effect, the alkene loss becomes the predominant pathway for the ortho isomers of ethyl and higher esters. Results from isotope-labeled compounds confirmed that the alkene loss proceeds by a specific γ-hydrogen transfer mechanism that resembles the McLafferty rearrangement for radical cations. Even for the para compounds, if the alkoxide moiety bears structural motifs required for the elimination of a more stable alkene molecule, the heterolytic pathway becomes the predominant pathway. For example, in the spectrum of deprotonated 2-phenylethyl 4-aminobenzoate, m/z 136 peak is the base peak because the alkene eliminated is styrene. Owing to the fact that all deprotonated aminobenzoate esters, irrespective of the size of the alkoxy group, upon activation fragment to form an m/z 135 ion, aminobenzoate esters in mixtures can be quantified by precursor ion discovery mass spectrometric experiments.
Beyond conventional routes, an unprecedented metal-free chemoselective synthesis of anthranilate esters via a multicomponent reaction (MCR) strategy
Sarkar, Satavisha,Khan, Abu T.
supporting information, p. 12673 - 12676 (2015/08/06)
A hitherto unreported route for the synthesis of anthranilate esters is demonstrated using 2-nitrobenzaldehyde, malonitrile and an alcohol or amine via a metal and oxidant free multicomponent reaction (MCR) strategy. This process simultaneously installs an ester and urea or urethane functionality via CO and CN bond formations via concurrent oxidation of the aldehyde group and reduction of the nitro group involving an intramolecular redox process.
Synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation, ot-QSAR and mt-QSAR studies of 2-amino benzoic acid derivatives
Mahiwal, Kuldeep,Kumar, Pradeep,Narasimhan, Balasubramanian
experimental part, p. 293 - 307 (2012/09/07)
A series of 2-amino benzoic acid derivatives (1-28) were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against the panel of Gram positive, Gram negative bacterial and fungal strains. The results of antimicrobial studies indicated that, in general, the synthesized compounds were found to be bacteriostatic and fungistatic in action. QSAR studies performed by the development of one target and multi target models indicated that multi-target model was effective in describing the antimicrobial activity as well demonstrated the effect of structural parameters viz. LUMO, 3χv and W on antimicrobial activity of 2-amino benzoic acid derivatives. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010.
Synthesis and cytotoxicity of some d-mannose click conjugates with aminobenzoic acid derivatives
Hradilová, Ludmila,Poláková, Monika,Dvo?áková, Barbora,Hajdúch, Marián,Petru?, Ladislav
, p. 1 - 6 (2013/01/15)
Two sets of new conjugates obtained from d-mannose derivatives and o-, m-, and p-substituted benzoic acid esters interconnected through a triazole ring were synthesized by Cu(I) catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. All synthesized compounds were tested for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against seven cancer cell lines with/without multidrug resistance phenotype as well as non-tumor MRC-5 and BJ fibroblasts. Butyl ester of 4-aminobenzoic acid 6c showed the highest activity among all tested compounds, however, it was active only against K562 myeloid leukemia cells. N-Glycosyltriazole conjugates, both acetylated and nonacetylated at mannose moiety, were almost completely inactive. In contrast, some of the acetylated O-glycosyl conjugates showed cytotoxic activity which was cell line dependent and strongly affected by position of benzoic acid substitution as well as a length of its ester alkyl chain; the most potent compound was acetylated mannoside conjugated with octyl ester of m-substituted benzoic acid. However, deacetylation resulting in hydrophilicity increase of the glycosides almost completely abolished their cytotoxic potency.
Anthranilic acid-based inhibitors of phosphodiesterase: Design, synthesis, and bioactive evaluation
Cheng, Yih-Dih,Hwang, Tsong-Long,Wang, Han-Hsiang,Pan, Tai-Long,Wu, Chin-Chung,Chang, Wen-Yi,Liu, Yi-Ting,Chu, Tzu-Chi,Hsieh, Pei-Wen
experimental part, p. 7113 - 7125 (2011/11/04)
Our previous studies identified two 2-benzoylaminobenzoate derivatives 1, which potently inhibited superoxide (O2-) generation induced by formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine (FMLP) in human neutrophils. In an attempt to improve their activities, a series of anthranilic acid derivatives were synthesized and their anti-inflammatory effects and underlying mechanisms were investigated in human neutrophils. Of these, compounds 17, 18, 46, 49, and 50 showed the most potent inhibitory effect on FMLP-induced release of O2- in human neutrophils with IC50 values of 0.20, 0.16, 0.15, 0.06, and 0.29 μM, respectively. SAR analysis showed that the activities of most compounds were dependent on the ester chain length in the A ring. Conversely, a change in the linker between the A and B ring from amide to sulfonamide or N-methyl amide, as well as exchanges in the benzene rings (A or B rings) by isosteric replacements were unfavorable. Further studies indicated that inhibition of O2- production in human neutrophils by these anthranilic acids was associated with an elevation in cellular cAMP levels through the selective inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4. Compound 49 could be approved as a lead for the development of new drugs in the treatment of neutrophilic inflammatory diseases.
On the reaction of anthranilic acid with thionyl chloride: Iminoketene intermediate formation
Jacob, Dominic E.,Mathew, Lopez
, p. 664 - 668 (2008/09/18)
2-(Sulfinylamino) benzoyl chloride is formed on treating anthranilic acid with thionyl chloride. The formation of iminoketene intermediate from 2-(sulfinylamino) benzoyl chloride is established and the reactions carried out using the intermediate are described.
Selection of Alcohols Through Plackett-Burman Design in Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis of Anthranilic Acid Esters
Babu, C. V. Suresh,Divakar, S.
, p. 49 - 52 (2007/10/03)
Lipase-catalyzed synthesis of esters of anthranilic acid was attempted by employing alcohols of carbon chain-length C1-C18 using Plackett-Burman experimental design. Of the alcohols employed, methanol, decanol, cetyl alcohol, and stearyl alcohols showed 99.9 percent significance. Esterification of anthranilic acid with methanol gave the highest yield at 45.6 percent. This study allows the selection of better alcohols for esterification of anthranilic acid.
An efficient general method for esterification of aromatic carboxylic acids
Hosangadi, Bhaskar D.,Dave, Rajesh H.
, p. 6375 - 6378 (2007/10/03)
Treatment of a variety of aromatic carboxylic acids with alcohols in the presence of thionyl chloride results in excellent yields of corresponding esters. This esterification system is compatible with a wide assortment of functional groups.
