2605-79-0Relevant articles and documents
Two-Phase Oxidations with Aqueous Hydrogen Peroxide Catalyzed by Amphiphilic Pyridinium and Diazinium Salts
Hartman, Tomá?,?turala, Ji?í,Cibulka, Radek
, p. 3573 - 3586 (2016/01/25)
Amphiphilic pyridinium and diazinium salts were shown to be effective catalysts in two-phase (water/chloroform or water/dichloromethane) sulfoxidations and N-oxidations with hydrogen peroxide under mild conditions. This unprecedented oxidation method utilizes covalent bonding of hydrogen peroxide to a simple pyridinium or diazinium nucleus to increase the lipophilicity of the hydroperoxide species and to subsequently activate it for oxidations in a non-polar medium. The catalytic efficiency was found to depend on the type of heteroarenium core and on the lipophilicity of the catalyst. Five series of heteroarenium catalysts were prepared and investigated: 1-Alkyl-3,5-dicyanopyridinium, 1-alkyl-3,5-dinitropyridinium, 1-alkyl-3-cyanopyrazinium, 1-alkyl-4-cyanopyrimidinium and 1-alkyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidinium triflates (alkyl=butyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl and hexadecyl). Among them, the 1-octyl-3,5-dinitropyridinium and 1-decyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidinium triflates were found to be superior catalysts, showing the best stability and the highest catalytic activity, achieving acceleration by a factor of 350 relative to the non-catalyzed reaction. In contrast to other organocatalytic two-phase oxidations that use hydrogen peroxide, the presented method is characterized by high chemoselectivity and low catalyst loading (5mol%) and with the reactions being performed under mild conditions, that is, at 25 C using diluted hydrogen peroxide and a non-basic aqueous phase. The catalysts have simple structures and are readily available from commercial materials. Practical applications are demonstrated via the oxidation of several types of sulfides and amines.
The first example of catalytic N-oxidation of tertiary amines by tungstate-exchanged Mg-Al layered double hydroxide in water: A green protocol
Choudary,Bharathi,Venkat Reddy,Lakshmi Kantam,Raghavan
, p. 1736 - 1737 (2007/10/03)
A green process, using a recyclable tungstate-exchanged Mg-A1 layered double hydroxide (LDH-WO42-) heterogenised catalyst and aqueous H2O2 oxidant in water, leads to N-oxidation of aliphatic tert-amines to amine N-oxides in quantitative yields, at a high rate at room temperature.
AMINE OXIDES-XIII IODINE COMPLEXES WITH NON-AROMATIC AMINE OXIDES
Devinsky, F.,Leitmanova, A.,Lacko, I.,Krasnec, L.
, p. 5707 - 5710 (2007/10/02)
EDA-iodine complex with trialkylamine oxides in dichloromethane have been investigated spectrophotometrically.Thermodynamic (KADc,-ΔG0) and spectral (ΕADλ) characteristics of these complexes were determined.The absorption band of iodine in the visible region was blue-shifted with a variable maximum, depending on the structure of the amine oxide.The KADc and ΕADλ values were calculated using a modified method.A non-linear relationship KADc=(R), where R is the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, was found.