1333-86-4 Usage
Description
Carbon black, also known as furnace black, is a finely divided form of carbon produced by the incomplete combustion or thermal decomposition of gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons. It is an amorphous carbon composed of fused particles called aggregates, which are near-spherical colloidal particles. Carbon black is virtually pure elemental carbon and is characterized by its black color, specific surface area, particle size and structure, conductivity, and tinting strength.
Used in Food Industry:
Carbon Black is used as an edible black pigment for pastry with the usage amount of 0.001% to 0.1%. It is also used as a food coloring agent in China for rice, flour products, candy, biscuits, and pastries with a maximum usage amount of 5.0g/kg.
Used in Rubber Industry:
Carbon Black is used as a reinforcing filler, providing excellent tensile strength, elongation, and tear resistance. It is used for the reinforcement of car tread and sidewall, hose, groove, industrial rubber products, as well as conveyor belts. It is also used in the manufacturing of natural rubber and butyl rubber, and for carcass and sidewall applications.
Used in Paint and Inks Industry:
Carbon Black is used as a coloring pigment in paint inks, providing a deep black color and opacity. It is also used in the manufacturing of black paper for packaging materials for photographic materials and radio equipment.
Used in Plastics Industry:
Carbon Black is used for plastic coloring, providing a black color and opacity to various plastic products.
Used in Batteries:
Carbon Black is used as an electric conductive agent in lithium-ion batteries, improving their performance and efficiency.
Used in Various Industries:
Carbon Black is used in a wide range of applications, including tire tread, surface tire repair, automotive rubber parts, conveyor belts, conveyor pads, and more. It is also used as a reinforcing agent and pigment in the rubber, paint, ink, and plastic industries.
Used in Conductive Applications:
Carbon Black, specifically Carbon Black Super-P (TIMCAL), is used as a conductive agent in various applications, such as in the composite electrode to compensate for the low electrical conductivity of materials in miniemulsion polymerization.
Used in Reinforcement and Pigment Applications:
Carbon Black is used as a reinforcing agent and pigment in the rubber, plastic, printing, and paint industries, providing strength, color, and opacity.
Used in Weather Modification:
Carbon Black is used as a nucleating agent in weather modification, helping to control and manipulate weather conditions.
Used in Solar Energy Absorption:
Carbon Black is used as a solar-energy absorber, harnessing the power of the sun for various applications.
Production method
Natural gas tank method of making carbon black: take natural gas as raw material and use iron pipe to send it into the combustion chamber. The form of the combustion chamber can be either long and short and is made of iron plate. It contains a number of olefin burner inside it. Natural gas is sprayed with appropriate force from the burner nozzle and burned in the case of insufficient air, that is, to generate a bright and black smoke flame. The flame then goes directly into the channel iron with the distance between the burner and the slot surface being 65~80 mm. At this time, the temperature of olefin burning is reduced from about 1000 to 1400 ° C to about 500 ° C, and the carbon black is accumulated. The groove can move back and forth horizontally, with a moving speed of 3 to 4 mm/s. In order to maintain normal production, the required amount of air is about 2.5 to 3 times the theoretical calculation. The resulting carbon black was scraped into a funnel with a fixed doctor blade and sent to a central packing chamber for disposal. Then the carbon black is softened, filtered to remove the hard particles and scale and further sent into the mill grinding to enable more uniform thickness. However, the body is still very light and loose, thus should be shaken to a become a bit solid. Then add a small amount of water to the carbon black to make it into paste-like shape and have a small needle rotated inside it to forming micro-pellets, followed by drying to obtain the finished product. In the case of using pigment for carbon black, in order to facilitate the dispersion, the granulation is unnecessary. The process is as follows:
Raw gas, air → combustion cracking → collection → granulation → packaging → finished product.
Carbon black is one of the oldest industrial products. In ancient times, china has already applied incomplete combustion of vegetable oil for making pigment carbon black. In 1872, the United States first used natural gas as raw material to produce carbon black using tank method and mainly used it as a coloring agent. It was not until 1912 when Mott found the reinforcement effect carbon black on the rubber before the carbon black industry had gotten rapid development. Then it had successively developed of a variety of process methods. At present, oil furnace method is the most efficient and most economical method with the oil furnace black production amount accounting for? 70-90% of the total carbon black production. There are mainly furnace, slot method, thermal cracking, three methods.
It is obtained by the carbonization of the plant material such as peat. It can also be derived from the carbonization of cocoa shell and beef bone or from the combustion of vegetable oil.
Identification test
Solubility: being insoluble in water and organic solvents (OT-42)
Heated to red, burning without flames.
Content analysis
The sample was pre-dried at 120 ° C for 4 h and then measured by an instrument such as a C.H. O analyzer or subject to combustion/gravimetric analysis.
Toxicity
ADI has not yet been specified. It is listed as substance allowed to be in temporary contact with food, (FAO/WHO, 2000). It can not be digested and absorbed, so oral administration should be non-toxic, but given the incorporation of 3, 4-benzopyrene during the carbonization, it is basically not used now.
Use the limit
GB 2760-1996: Confectionery, biscuits, pastries, rice and flour products, 5.0 g/kg.
EEC provides for being used for concentrated fruit juice, jam, jelly, fruit wine.
Hazards & Safety Information
Category Toxic substances
Toxicity classification Low toxicity
Acute Toxicity Oral-Rat LD50:> 15400 mg/kg
Explosives and hazardous characteristics being explosive upon dust and air mixture
Flammability and Hazardous characteristics It is combustible in case of heat and strong oxidant
Storage and transportation characteristics Treasury: low temperature, ventilated and dry
Fire extinguishing agent water, carbon dioxide, dry powder, foam
Occupational Standard TWA 3.5 mg/m3; STEL 7 mg/m3
Hazard
Possible carcinogen. Bronchitis.
Health Hazard
There are no well demonstrated
health hazards to humans from acute exposure
to carbon black.
Commercial carbon black is a spherical
colloidal form of nearly pure carbon particles
and aggregates with trace amounts of organic
impurities adsorbed on the surface. Potential
health effects usually are attributed to these
impurities rather than to the carbon itself.
Soots, by contrast, contain mixtures of particulate
carbon, resins, tars, and so on, in a
nonadsorbed state.
Biochem/physiol Actions
The use of dextran-coated charcoal makes the immunoassay of insulin in biological fluids simpler and more rapid. In theory, the charcoal coated with dextran will adsorb the free hormone and leave hormones that are bound to a carrier (or antibody). Dextran coated charcoal is used to strip hormones from serum instead of charcoal alone, because there is less loss of protein using dextran coated charcoal.
Safety Profile
Mildly toxic by
ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact. Questionable carcinogen. Mutation data
reported. See also CARBON. A nuisance
dust in high concentrations. We it is true
that the tiny particulates of carbon black
contain some molecules of carcinogenic
materials, the carcinogens are apparently
held tightly and are not eluted by hot or
cold water, gastric juices, or blood plasma.
Potential Exposure
Used as reinforcing agent and filler
for rubber; colorants for ink, paint, and plastics. Workers in
carbon black production or in its use in rubber compounding, ink and paint manufacture, plastics compounding, drycell battery manufacture.
Shipping
Carbon black oil: UN1993 Flammable liquids,
n.o.s., Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid,
Technical Name Required.
TEST ITEMS
SPECIFICATION
DBP ABSORPTION NUMBER
99 cc/100g
BET SURFACE AREA
80 m
2
/g
pH VALUE
10.0
AVERAGE ORIGINAL PARTICAL SIZE
34 nm
DENSITY
g/l
IMPURITY
NO FOUND
VOLATITE
2.0 %
TINTING STRENGTH vs IRB#3
100 % min
Incompatibilities
Carbon blacks containing over 8% volatiles may pose an explosion hazard. Dust can form an
explosive mixture in air. A reducing agent; keep away from
strong oxidizers, such as chlorates, bromates, nitrates.
Waste Disposal
Dump into a landfill or incinerate as a slurry.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 1333-86-4 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 1,3,3 and 3 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 8 and 6 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 1333-86:
(6*1)+(5*3)+(4*3)+(3*3)+(2*8)+(1*6)=64
64 % 10 = 4
So 1333-86-4 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C
