12143-45-2Relevant articles and documents
Electron Spin Resonance and Pulse Radiolysis Studies on the Reaction of OH* and SO4*- with Five-Membered Heterocyclic Compounds in Aqueous Solution
Dogan, I.,Steenken, S.,Schulte-Frohlinde, D.,Icli, S.
, p. 1887 - 1894 (1990)
The reactions of several five-membered oxygen and nitrogen heterocycles with OH* and SO4*- radicals have been investigated in aqueous solution using in-situ radiolysis and photolysis ESR, and optical and conductometric pulse radiolys
Dogliotti,Hayon
, p. 2511 (1967)
Fehsenfeld, F. C.
, p. 1686 - 1687 (1975)
Temperature and ionic strength effects on some reactions involving sulfate radical [SO4-(aq)]
Bao, Zhen-Chuan,Barker, John R.
, p. 9780 - 9787 (1996)
Sulfate radical anion SO4- was generated by 248 nm laser flash photolysis of K2S2O8 solutions and monitored by time-resolved multipass absorbance at 454 nm. The 320-520 nm absorption spectrum of SO4- was unaffected by up to 2 M added HClO4, under the experimental conditions. Three reactions were investigated: (a) SO4- + SO4- → S2O82-, (b) SO4- + H2O → HSO4- + OH, and (c) SO4- + S2O82- → products. Rate constant kc was too slow to be measured, and only an upper limit was determined: kc ≤ 104 M-1 s-1. Arrhenius parameters were determined at low ionic strength over the range 11.8-74.4°C: 2ka/∈ = (4.8 ± 2.0) × 105 exp(-1.7 ± 1.1 kJ mol-1/RT) cm s-1 and kb = (4.7 ± 0.1) × 103 exp(-15.5 ± 0.6 kJ mol-1/RT) M-1 s-1, where ∈ is the SO4- absorption coefficient at 454 nm. At 296 K, the values are in good agreement with literature values: 2ka/∈ = (2.5 ± 0.2) × 105 cm s-1 and kb[H2O] = 440 ± 50 s-1. Rate constants ka and kb were found to increase strongly and nonlinearly with increasing ionic strength (added NaClO4) or acidity (added HClO4). Ion-pair formation provides a possible explanation, and a quantitative empirical model is presented for conditions with [Na+] ≤ 1.6 M and [H+] ≤ 3 M. Using the ion-pair model, estimated ionization equilibrium constants are obtained for the H+SO4- and the Na+SO4- radical ion pairs.
Zagorski, Z. P.,Sehested, K.,Nielsen, S. O.
, p. 3510 - 3517 (1971)
Transient intermediates in the laser flash photolysis of ketoprofen in aqueous solutions: Unusual photochemistry for the benzophenone chromophore
Martínez,Scaiano
, p. 11066 - 11070 (1997)
The transient intermediates the nanosecond laser flash photolysis of ketoprofen, an arylpropionic acid, show the formation of a carbanion in aqueous solutions at pH 7.1. This carbanion incorporates spectroscopic properties from both a ketyl radical anion and a benzylic radical. The ketoprofen carboxylate undergoes biphotonic photoionization, a process that contributes less than 10% to its photodecomposition- and leads to a benzylic-type radical after decarboxylation with a rate constant ≤1 x 107 s-1. On the other hand, the carbanion forms monophotonically and the unsuccessful attempts to sensitize the formation of the ketoprofen triplet excited state in aqueous solutions suggest that the carbanion precursor is either an excited singlet state or an extremely short-lived triplet. In organic solvents of lower polarity, the excited triplet state is readily detectable.
Kinetics and Mechanism of the Interaction of Potassium Peroxydisulfate and 18-Crown-6 in Aqueous Media
Rasmussen, Jerald K.,Heilmann, Steven M.,Toren, Paul E.,Pocius, Alphonsus V.,Kotnour, Thomas A.
, p. 6845 - 6849 (1983)
A kinetic investigation of the interaction of potassium peroxydisulfate with the crown ether 18-crown-6 in basic aqueous media has shown that the crown ether has a tremendous accelerating effect upon the rate of disappearance of peroxydisulfate.This acceleration is due in part to a radical chain mechanism in which crown is oxidized, and which is similar to that observed in the presence of simple ethers.However, an additional crown effect is observed which is explicable in terms of a Coulombic attraction between a cation-complexed crown radical and the peroxydisulfate dianion.
Gupta, Y. K.,Ghosh, S.
, p. 320 - 328 (1959)
Kim, K.-J.,Hamill, W. H.
, p. 2320 - 2325 (1976)
Reaction rate constants for O2-(H2O)n ions n=0 to 4, with O3, NO, SO2, and CO2
Fahey, D. W.,Boehringer, H.,Fehsenfeld, F. C.,Ferguson, E. E.
, p. 1799 - 1805 (1982)
Reaction rate constants for O2-(H2O)n ions with n=0 to 4 have been measured in a variable temperature flowing afterglow apparatus with a novel ion source configuration.The ios have been reacted with O3, NO, SO2, and CO2.The reaction with O3 is charge-transfer to produce O3- with simultaneous transfer of water ligands.The reactions with NO and SO2 are ligand switching reactions in which NO or SO2 displaces one or more water molecules clustered to O2- leaving NO3- and SO4- as core ions.In these cases, the reaction rate constants are not decreased measurably by an increase in n.CO2 rapidly displaces H2O in reaction with O2-(H2O) but does not react with O2-(H2O)3,4.Isotopically labelled O2- ions were used to elucidate several reaction mechanisms.The rapid destruction of O2-(H2O)4 ions by O3, NO, and SO2 insure that O2-(H2O)n ions cannot be dominant small air ions in the earth's lower atmosphere.
Moorthy, P. N.,Weiss, J. J.
, p. 1317 - 1318 (1964)
Reactivity and role of SO5?- radical in aqueous medium chain oxidation of sulfite to sulfate and atmospheric sulfuric acid generation
Das, Tomi Nath
, p. 9142 - 9155 (2001)
This study reevaluates the role of peroxymonosulfate anion radical (-O3SOO? or SO5?-) intermediate during radical-induced chain oxidation of HSO3-/SO32- in oxygenated aqueous solution. The SO5?- radical absorption band in the UV is weak: ε = 1065 ± 80 M-1 cm-1 at λmax (260-265 nm). The SO5?- radical takes part in two radical-radical and four radical-solute reactions, partially producing the other chain carrier, the SO4?- radical, in either case. In this study, employing the pulse-radiolysis technique but adopting a new approach, these two types of reactions of the SO5?- radical have been separately quantified (at room temperature). For example, over pH 3.5-12, the branching ratio of (SO5?- + SO5?-) reactions giving rise to either the SO4?- radical or S2O82- is found to remain ～1. The respective reaction rate constants for I → 0 are (2.2 ± 0.3) and (2.1 ± 0.3) × 108 M-1 s-1. The (SO5?- + HSO3-) reactions in acid pH follow two paths, forming the SO4?- radical in one and regenerating the SO3?- radical in the other, with respective rates of ca. (6.0 ± 0.4) and (3.0 ± 0.3) × 107 M-1 s-1. In alkaline pH (for SO5?- + SO32- reactions), the rates for similar reactions are ca. (5.6 ± 0.6) and (1.0 ± 0.1) × 108 M-1 s-1. From only these results, the earlier prediction of chain length reaching a few thousands could be supported in simulation studies (Bigelow, S. L. Z. Phys. Chem. 1898, 28, 493. Young, S. W. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1902, 24, 297. Titoff, A. Z. Phys. Chem. 1903, 45, 641. Ba?ckstro?m, H. L. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1927, 49, 1460. Alyea, H. N.; Ba?ckstro?m, H. L. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1929, 51, 90). To explore the feasibility of controlling S(IV) chain oxidation to sulfuric acid in liquid hydrometeors, the effect of radical scavenging on each SOx?- radical (x = 3, 4, 5) was simulated. The results show that for the SO5?- radical a scavenger reactivity of ～100 s-1 may be enough to reduce the chain length by >98%. However, in the case SO4?- radical scavenging under similar conditions, only ～75-80% reduction in acid production was observed. These results suggest a fresh modeling of sulfuric acid generation in atmospheric liquid hydrometeors.
Lesigne, B.,Ferradini, C.,Pucheault, J.
, p. 2156 - 2158 (1973)
Reaction of sulphate radical anion SO4?- with cyanuric acid: A potential reaction for its degradation?
Manoj,Varghese,Manoj,Aravindakumar
, p. 74 - 75 (2002)
A novel reaction between sulfate radical anion (SO4?-) and cyanuric acid (CA), a non-degradable end product of the oxidative degradation of the triazine based herbicide, atrazine, is presented using laser flash photolysis and steady state radiolysis techniques at pH 5. A second order rate constant of 1.9 × 107 dm3 mol-1 s-11 has been determined and the transient intermediate (λmax = 330 nm) is assigned to a radical cation of CA (CA?+). The degradation profile indicated that about 76% of CA have been decomposed after an absorbed γ-radiation dose of 18 kGy. It is therefore proposed that the reaction of SO4?- could be utilised for the degradation of CA in aqueous medium which is normally stable to any Advanced Oxidation Processes.
Barrett, J.,Fox, M. F.,Mansell, A. L.
, p. 2996 - 3000 (1965)
Aspects of the Oxidation of Naphthazarin as studied by Pulse Radiolysis
Mukherjee, Tulsi,Land, Edward J.,Swallow, A. John,Bruce, J. Malcolm,Beaumont, Paul C.,Parsons, Barry J.
, (1988)
The spectroscopic characteristics and kinetic parameters associated with the intermediates formed on reaction of naphthazarin (5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) with the oxidising radicals OH., O.-, N3., Br.-.SO
Pennington, D. E.,Haim, A.
, p. 3700 - 3704 (1968)
Woods, R.,Kolthoff, I. M.,Meehan, E. J.
, p. 2385 - 2390 (1963)
