- Cascade bio-hydroxylation and dehalogenation for one-pot enantioselective synthesis of optically active β-halohydrins from halohydrocarbons
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A stereoselective hydroxylation and enantioselective dehalogenation cascade reaction was developed for the synthesis of optically active β-haloalcohols from halohydrocarbons. This cascade system employed P450 and halohydrin dehalogenase as two compatible biocatalysts, allowing a straightforward, greener and efficient access to β-halohydrins with excellent enantioselectivities (98-99%).
- Cui, Hai-Bo,Xie, Ling-Zhi,Wan, Nan-Wei,He, Qing,Li, Zhi,Chen, Yong-Zheng
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supporting information
p. 4324 - 4328
(2019/08/21)
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- Scalable anti-Markovnikov hydrobromination of aliphatic and aromatic olefins
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To improve access to a key synthetic intermediate we targeted a direct hydrobromination-Negishi route. Unsurprisingly, the anti-Markovnikov addition of HBr to estragole in the presence of AIBN proved successful. However, even in the absence of an added initiator, anti-Markovnikov addition was observed. Re-examination of early reports revealed that selective Markovnikov addition, often simply termed "normal" addition, is not always observed with HBr unless air is excluded, leading to the rediscovery of a reproducible and scalable initiator-free protocol.
- Galli, Marzia,Fletcher, Catherine J.,Del Pozo, Marc,Goldup, Stephen M.
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supporting information
p. 5622 - 5626
(2016/07/06)
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- Spiroalkene carboxamide derivatives and their use as chemokine receptor modulators
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The present invention is directed to compounds of Formula (I) below, which are antagonists to the chemoattractant cytokine receptor 2 (CCR2), and/or 5 (CCR5), pharmaceutical compositions, and methods for use thereof.
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Page/Page column 48
(2012/10/18)
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- SPIROALKENE CARBOXAMIDE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USE AS CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR MODULATORS
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The present invention is directed to compounds of Formula (I) below, which are antagonists to the chemoattractant cytokine receptor 2 (CCR2), and/or 5 (CCR5), pharmaceutical compositions, and methods for use thereof.
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Page/Page column 59
(2012/10/18)
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- 3-Hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-diones as an Inhibitor Scaffold of HIV Integrase
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Integrase (IN) represents a clinically validated target for the development of antivirals against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Inhibitors with a novel structure core are essential for combating resistance associated with known IN inhibitors (INIs). We have previously disclosed a novel dual inhibitor scaffold of HIV IN and reverse transcriptase (RT). Here we report the complete structure-activity relationship (SAR), molecular modeling, and resistance profile of this inhibitor type on IN inhibition. These studies support an antiviral mechanism of dual inhibition against both IN and RT and validate 3-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-diones as an IN inhibitor scaffold.
- Tang, Jing,Maddali, Kasthuraiah,Metifiot, Mathieu,Sham, Yuk Y.,Vince, Robert,Pommier, Yves,Wang, Zhengqiang
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experimental part
p. 2282 - 2292
(2011/06/17)
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- Synthesis and in vitro affinities of various MDL 100907 derivatives as potential 18F-radioligands for 5-HT2A receptor imaging with PET
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Radiolabelled piperidine derivatives such as [11C]MDL 100907 and [18F]altanserin have played an important role in diagnosing malfunction in the serotonergic neurotransmission. A variety of novel piperidine MDL 100907 derivatives, possible to label with 18F-fluorine, were synthesized to improve molecular imaging properties of [11C]MDL 100907. Their in vitro affinities to a broad spectrum of neuroreceptors and their lipophilicities were determined and compared to the clinically used reference compounds MDL 100907 and altanserin. The novel compounds MA-1 (53) and (R)-MH.MZ (56) show Ki-values in the nanomolar range towards the 5-HT2A receptor and insignificant binding to other 5-HT receptor subtypes or receptors. Interestingly, compounds MA-1 (53), MH.MZ (55) and (R)-MH.MZ (56) provide a receptor selectivity profile similar to MDL 100907. These compounds could possibly be preferable antagonistic 18F-tracers for visualization of the 5-HT2A receptor status. Medium affine compounds (VK-1 (32), (51), (52), (54)) were synthesized and have Ki values between 30 and 120 nM. All promising compounds show log P values between 2 and 3, that is, within the range of those for the established radiotracers altanserin and MDL 100907. The novel compounds MA-1 (53) and (R)-MH.MZ (56) thus appear to be promising high affine and selective tracers of 18F-labelled analogues for 5-HT2A imaging with PET.
- Herth, Matthias M.,Kramer, Vasko,Piel, Markus,Palner, Mikael,Riss, Patrick J.,Knudsen, Gitte M.,Roesch, Frank
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experimental part
p. 2989 - 3002
(2009/09/05)
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- Total synthesis and evaluation of [18F]MHMZ
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Radiochemical labeling of MDL 105725 using the secondary labeling precursor 2-[18F]fluoroethyltosylate ([18F]FETos) was carried out in yields of ~90% synthesizing [18F]MHMZ in a specific activity of ~50 MBq/nmol with a sta
- Herth, Matthias M.,Debus, Fabian,Piel, Markus,Palner, Mikael,Knudsen, Gitte M.,Lueddens, Hartmut,Roesch, Frank
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p. 1515 - 1519
(2008/09/21)
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- 2 -ALKYL- INDAZOLE COMPOUNDS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CERTAIN CNS-RELATED DISORDERS
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2-Alkyl-indazole compound and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts of acid addition, method and intermediates for preparing them, a pharmaceutical composition containing them and use of the latter. The 2-alkyl-indazole compound has the following general formula (I) in which R1, R2, R3, R4, R6, R7, X, Y, W, n, p, and m have the meanings stated in the description.
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Page/Page column 33
(2008/12/05)
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- The "reverse-tethered" ruthenium (II) catalyst for asymmetric transfer hydrogenation: Further applications
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The attachment of a tethering group from the basic nitrogen atom to the arene ligand of a ruthenium(II) catalyst greatly improves its ability to catalyze asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) reactions. In this paper, we describe further applications of this versatile system to an extended substrate range.
- Morris, David J.,Hayes, Aidan M.,Wills, Martin
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p. 7035 - 7044
(2007/10/03)
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- Processes for the preparation of (R)-alpha-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-piperidinemethanol"
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The present invention provides various processes for the preparation of (R)-±-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-piperidinemethanol. These processes may be characterized by the following scheme:
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Page/Page column 70-71
(2010/11/25)
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- Synthesis, biochemical evaluation and rationalisation of the inhibitory activity of a range of 4-substituted phenyl alkyl imidazole-based inhibitors of the enzyme complex 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (P45017α)
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We report the preliminary results of the synthesis, biochemical evaluation and rationalisation of the inhibitory activity of a number of phenyl alkyl imidazole-based compounds as inhibitors of the two components of 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (P45017α), that is, 17α-hydroxylase (17α-OHase) and 17,20-lyase (lyase). The results show that N-3-(4-bromophenyl) propyl imidazole (12) (IC50 = 2.95 μM against 17α-OHase and IC50 = 0.33 μM against lyase) is the most potent compound within the current study, in comparison to ketoconazole (KTZ) (IC50 = 3.76 μM against 17α-OHase and IC50 = 1.66 μM against lyase). Modelling of these compounds suggests that the length of the alkyl chain enhances the interaction between the inhibitor and the area of the active site corresponding to the C(3) area of the steroid backbone, thereby increasing potency.
- Patel, Chirag H.,Dhanani, Sachin,Owen, Caroline P.,Ahmed, Sabbir
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p. 4752 - 4756
(2007/10/03)
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- 1-(Arylalkyl)quinolizidine Derivatives and Thio-Isosteric Analogues as Ligands for Sigma Receptors
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A set of 1-(arylalkyl)quinolizidines, isosteric thioanalogues, and variously functionalized congeners were synthesized (see 1-25) and tested for affinity to sigma 1 and sigma 2 receptor subtypes, by displacing [ 3H]- (+)-pentazocine and [3
- Sparatore, Anna,Novelli, Federica,Sparatore, Fabio
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p. 580 - 591
(2007/10/03)
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- Substituted 4-aminocyclohexanol compounds
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4-aminocyclohexanol compounds, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical formulations comprising these compounds and the use of substituted 4-aminocyclohexanol compounds for the preparation of pharmaceutical formulations and for the treatment of div
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- Indoles
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A 1,4-substituted cyclic amine derivative represented by the following formula or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof: wherein A, B, C, D, T, Y, and Z each represent a methine or a nitrogen linkage; R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 each represent a substituent; n represents 0 or an integer of 1 to 3; m represents 0 or an integer of 1 to 6; and p represents an integer of 1 to 3. The compounds have serotonin antagonism. They are therefore clinically useful as medicaments, in particular, for treating, ameliorating, and preventing spastic paralysis. They are also useful as central muscle relaxants for ameliorating myotonia.
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- Novel processes for the preparation or (R)-alpha-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-piperidinemethanol
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The present invention provides various processes for the preparation of (R)-α-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-piperidinemethanol. These processes may be characterized by the following scheme:
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- Use of (+)-a-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl) ethyl]-4-piperidinemethanol or its prodrug in the treatment of symptoms of dementia and dopamine induced psychosis
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The present invention is directed to use of (+)-α-(2,3-Dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-piperidinemethanol or its prodrug (Formula II) in treating patients for symptoms of dementia and dopamine induced psychosis.
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- The effect of vinyl esters on the enantioselectivity of the lipase-catalysed transesterification of alcohols
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The enantioselectivity of the lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia (PCL) in the transesterification of 2-phenyl-1-propanol 1 was studied using a series of vinyl 3-arylpropanoates as acyl donors. The most enantioselective transesterification reaction of the alcohol was attained by using vinyl 3-(p-iodophenyl)- or 3-(p-trifluoromethylphenyl)propanoates, with enantiomer ratios, E, of 116 and 138, respectively. Vinyl 3-phenylpropanoate was also effective for the resolution of 1 mediated by lipases from P. fluorescens and porcine pancreas and for the PCL-catalysed transesterification of several 2-phenyl-1-alkanols. The enantiomeric resolution of 1 was practically carried out by the first enantioselective transesterification using PCL and vinyl 3-(p-iodophenyl)propanoate to afford (R)-1 and then the enantioselective hydrolysis of the resultant ester to afford (S)-1.
- Kawasaki, Masashi,Goto, Michimasa,Kawabata, Shigeki,Kometani, Tadashi
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p. 585 - 596
(2007/10/03)
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- Pharmacophore-based discovery, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 4-phenyl-1-arylalkyl piperidines as dopamine transporter inhibitors
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Pharmacophore-based discovery, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship (SAR) of a series of 4-phenyl-1-arylalkyl piperidines are disclosed. These compounds have been evaluated for their ability to inhibit reuptake of dopamine (DA) into striatal nerve endings (synaptosomes). The lead compound 5 and the most potent analogue 43 were found to have significant functional antagonism.
- Sakamuri, Sukumar,Enyedy, Istvan J,Kozikowski, Alan P,Zaman, Wahiduz A,Johnson, Kenneth M,Wang, Shaomeng
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p. 495 - 500
(2007/10/03)
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- USE OF R-(+)-alpha-(2,3-DIMETHOXYPHENYL-1-[2-(4-FLUOROPHENYL) ETHYLl-4-PIPERIDINEMETHANOL FOR THE TREATMENT OF SLEEP DISORDERS
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A method of treating a patient for a Sleep Disorder comprising administering an effective amount of R-(+)-α-(2,3-Dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-piperidinemethanol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to a patient in need of such treatment.
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- Use of (+)- alpha -(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-piperidinemethanol in treating depressive disorders and bipolar disorders
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The present invention is directed to the use of (+)- alpha -(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-piperidinemethanol in treating Depressive Disorders and Bipolar Disorders.
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- Esters of (+)- alpha -(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl) ethyl]-4-piperidinemethanol
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The present invention is directed to esters of (+)- alpha -(2,3 Dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-piperidinemethanol, pharmaceutical formulations, methods of making and methods of using these esters. These compounds antagonize the effects of serotonin at the 5HT2A receptor and are useful in treating various conditions such as, for example, psychoses such as schizophrenia.
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- Thermodynamic Stabilities of Phenonium Ions Based on Bromide-Transfer Equilibria in the Gas Phase
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The thermodynamic stabilities of the phenonium (ethylenebenzenium) ion and ring-substituted derivatives were determined based on the bromide-transfer equilibria in the gas phase. It has been shown that the phenonium ion is 2.4 kcal mol-1 more stable than the t-butyl cation, and that the substituent effect on its stability can be correlated with the Yukawa-Tsuno equation with a ρ value of -12.6 and an r+ of 0.62. An r+ value smaller than unity of the α-cumyl(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) cation suggested that π-delocalization in the phenonium ion is essentially less effective than through a benzylic π-interaction. On the other hand, the ρ value of -12.6 is distinctly larger than that for the ordinary benzylic carbocation systems, but is comparable to that of the benzenium ion. In addition, it has been found that the r+ value of the phenonium ions in the gas phase is in complete agreement with that for the aryl-assisted process in the acetolysis of 2-arylethyl toluenesulfonates. This suggests that the degree of π-delocalization of the positive charge is the same in the transition state and the intermediate cation. It is concluded that an r+ value of 0.6, which is ranked at a unique position in the continuous spectrum of the resonance demand, is characteristic of the bridged structure of the phenonium ion intermediate and the transition state.
- Mustanir,Mishima, Masaaki,Fujio, Mizue,Tsuno, Yuho
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p. 1401 - 1407
(2007/10/03)
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- Stereochemical control in microbial reduction. Part 31: Reduction of alkyl 2-oxo-4-arylbutyrates by baker's yeast under selected reaction conditions
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Treatment of baker's yeast with phenacyl chloride in an aqueous-organic solvent has been proven to be an effective method of inhibiting the enzymes that afford (S)-enantiomers of α-hydroxy esters in the reduction of α-keto esters. The procedure is effective for the whole-cell system to produce the (R)-product with high chemical yield and high enantiomeric excess.
- Dao, Duc Hai,Okamura, Mutsuo,Akasaka, Takeshi,Kawai, Yasushi,Hida, Kouichi,Ohno, Atsuyoshi
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p. 2725 - 2737
(2007/10/03)
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- BENZOPYRANES AS POTASSIUM CHANNEL OPENERS
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The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein the dashed line represents an optional covalent bond; X is O, NH, S or a direct link; R. sup.3 is hydroxy when the dashed line does not represent a covalent bond and R 3 is absent when the dashed line represents a covalent bond; R. sup.4 is (a), when X is O, a group of formula (i), (b), when X is O, NH or S, optionally substituted hydroxyphenyl, (c) an optionally substituted 4-to 7-membered heterocyclic ring, or (d), when X is NH, a group of formula (ii). The compounds are useful for the treatment of disease associated with the altered tone or motility of smooth muscle. STR1
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- Treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorders with 5-HT2 antagonists
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The present invention is directed to 5-HT2 antagonists and their use as agents in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD). The invention is particularly directed to the compound (+)-α-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)eth
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- (+)-α-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-piperidinemethanol
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The present invention is directed to a new 5HT2 antagonist, (+)-α-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-piperidinemethanol, and its use in the treatment of a number of disease states.
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- 9-(Arylalkyl or aroylalkyl)-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro(5.5)undecan-3-ones
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Compounds useful in the prevention and/or treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, arrhythmia, migraine, vasospastic disorders, and asthma are represented by the formula STR1 wherein: R1 is STR2 wherein X is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, halo, carboxamido or hydroxy; m is 1, 2 or 3; and n is 1, 2 or 3; R2, R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl; and the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof.
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- 3 Fluoro-10-piperazino-8-substituted 10,11-dihydrodibenzo-(bf) thiepins and method for the preparation thereof
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Techniques for the preparation of 3-fluoro-10-piperazino-8-substituted 10,11-dihydrodibenzo-(b,f) thiepins and their addition salts with organic and inorganic acids are disclosed. The described compositions evidence psychotropic activity and low toxicity and are characterized as neuroliptics with a high degree of cataleptic, anti-apomorphine and central depressant action.
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