cas 3302-10-1, 3,5,5-Trimethylhexanoic acid

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Method for preparing isononanoic acid from isononyl alcohol through green oxidation
The invention relates to the technical field of biological medicines, and provides a method for preparing isononanoic acid from isononyl alcohol through green oxidation. The method is used for solving the problems of complex flow, long reaction time, fire blast danger in the reaction process, waste gas generation, low product yield and the like in the isononanoic acid preparation process in the prior art. According to the method, isononyl alcohol is used as a raw material, a hydrogen peroxide solution is used as an oxidant, and a co-oxidant and a phase transfer catalyst are added for one-step oxidation under acidic conditions to prepare isononanoic acid. According to the method, isononyl alcohol is used as a raw material, 30% hydrogen peroxide is used as an oxidant, a co-oxidant and a phase transfer catalyst are added, isononanoic acid is prepared through a reaction under an acidic condition, the reaction is rapid, safe, green and environmentally friendly, the highest yield of a reaction product can reach 91%, and the catalyst can be repeatedly used.
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Paragraph 0037-0092

(2021/04/07)

A direct synthesis of carboxylic acidsviaplatinum-catalysed hydroxycarbonylation of olefins
The platinum-catalysed hydroxycarbonylation of olefins is reported for the first time. Using a combination of PtCl2/2,2′-bis(tert-butyl(pyridin-2-yl)phosphanyl)-1,1′-binaphthalene (Neolephos) in the presence of sulfuric acid [0.6 M] in acetic acid selective carbonylation of terminal aliphatic olefins proceeds to good yields and selectivities to the corresponding carboxylic acids. Comparing the reactivity of different butenes (iso- andn-butenes), the terminal olefin can be selectively carbonylated.
Schneider, Carolin,Franke, Robert,Jackstell, Ralf,Beller, Matthias
p. 2703 - 2707
(2021/05/05)

Pd-Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Oxidation of Alcohols to Functionalized Molecules
A dehydrogenative oxidation reaction of primary alcohols to aldehydes catalyzed by a simple Pd/Xantphos catalytic system was developed under an argon or nitrogen atmosphere without oxidizing agents or hydrogen acceptors. The reaction product could be easily changed: under aerobic conditions, esters were obtained in aprotic solvents, whereas the corresponding carboxylic acids were produced in aqueous media. These oxidizing processes were applicable to the efficient synthesis of useful nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds such as indole, quinazoline, and benzimidazole via intramolecular versions of this reaction from amino alcohols.
Mori, Takamichi,Ishii, Chihiro,Kimura, Masanari
supporting information
p. 1709 - 1717
(2019/09/04)

PROCESS FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF ALKENES TO CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
Process for the direct conversion of alkenes to carboxylic acids.
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Paragraph 0025-0028

(2019/07/10)

PROCESS FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF DIISOBUTENE TO A CARBOXYLIC ACID
Process for the direct conversion of diisobutene to a carboxylic acid.
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Paragraph 0041; 0042; 0043; 0044

(2019/07/10)

PROCESS FOR PD-CATALYZED HYDROXYCARBONYLATION OF DIISOBUTENE: RATIO OF 3,5,5-TRIMETHYLHEXANOIC ACID/H20
Process for Pd-catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of diisobutene: ratio of 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid/H2O.
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Paragraph 0025-0028

(2019/07/10)

PROCESS FOR PD-CATALYZED HYDROXYCARBONYLATION OF DIISOBUTENE: SULFURIC ACID/LIGAND RATIO
Process for Pd-catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of diisobutene:sulfuric acid/ligand ratio.
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Paragraph 0014

(2019/07/10)

PROCESS FOR PD-CATALYZED HYDROXYCARBONYLATION OF DIISOBUTENE: LIGAND/PD RATIO
Process for Pd-catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of diisobutene: ligand/Pd ratio.
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Paragraph 0021-0023

(2019/07/11)

PROCESS FOR PD-CATALYZED HYDROXYCARBONYLATION OF DIISOBUTENE: EFFECT OF SOLVENT
Process for Pd-catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of diisobutene: Effect of solvent
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Paragraph 0022

(2019/07/10)

PROCESS FOR PD-CATALYZED HYDROXYCARBONYLATION OF DIISOBUTENE: ACETIC ACID/DIISOBUTENE RATIO
Process for Pd-catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of diisobutene:acetic acid/diisobutene ratio.
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Page/Page column 0222

(2019/07/10)

Palladium-catalyzed selective generation of CO from formic acid for carbonylation of alkenes
A general and selective palladium-catalyzed alkoxycarbonylation of all kinds of alkenes with formic acid (HCOOH, FA) is described. Terminal, di-, tri-, and tetra-substituted including functionalized olefins are converted into linear esters with high yields and regioselectivity. Key-to-success is the use of specific palladium catalysts containing ligands with built-in base, e.g., L5. Comparison experiments demonstrate that the active catalyst system not only facilitates isomerization and carbonylation of alkenes but also promotes the selective decomposition of HCOOH to CO under mild conditions.
Sang, Rui,Kucmierczyk, Peter,Dong, Kaiwu,Franke, Robert,Neumann, Helfried,Jackstell, Ralf,Beller, Matthias
supporting information
p. 5217 - 5223
(2018/04/24)

Neopentyl glycol diester
A neopentyl glycol diester which is a mixed ester of neopentyl glycol and carboxylic acids is provided, wherein the carboxylic acids consisting of isobutyric acid as well as 2-ethylhexanoic acid and/or 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid. The neopentyl glycol diester may be used in a refrigerant oil or the like which exhibits excellent miscibility with a difluoromethane refrigerant among other properties.
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Page/Page column

(2014/07/21)

Aerobic oxidation of aldehydes: Selectivity improvement using sequential pulse experimentation in continuous flow microreactor
The aerobic oxidation of aldehydewas investigated using a continuous flow microreactor under 5 bar of oxygen at room temperature. High-throughput screening of experimental conditions resulted in the development of an improved protocol. The synergistic use of a large range of salts and Mn(II) catalyst was found to be a very efficient catalytic system for selective aldehyde oxidation. Indeed for short residence time (i.e. 6min.), a quantitative conversion of 2-ethylhexanal was obtained with a selectivity toward carboxylic acid of 98%.
Vanoye, Laurent,Pablos, Mertxe,Smith, Neil,De Bellefon, Claude,Favre-Rguillon, Alain
p. 57159 - 57163
(2015/01/09)

PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE OXIDATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
The invention relates to a process for the oxidation of organic compounds by means of oxygen, in which, in a first step, the organic compound and at least part of the oxygen required for the oxidation are introduced into a first reaction zone which is operated isothermally and with backmixing and, in a second step, the reaction mixture from the first reaction zone is introduced into a second reaction zone which is operated adiabatically. The invention further relates to a reactor for carrying out the process, which comprises at least one isothermal reaction zone (3, 5) and an adiabatic reaction zone (7) which are arranged in a reactor shell (8), with each isothermal reaction zone (3, 5) being configured in the form of a jet loop reactor and the adiabatic reaction zone (7) being configured as a bubble column.
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Page/Page column 6

(2011/04/25)

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR OXIDIZING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
The invention relates to a process for oxidizing at least one organic substance with oxygen, which comprises the following steps: (a) adding the at least one organic substance as a liquid and an oxygenous gas stream to a first reaction stage to form a reaction mixture, at least some of the oxygen reacting with the organic compound to form a reaction product,(b) adding the reaction mixture from the first reaction stage to an adiabatically operated reaction stage in which the unconverted organic substance reacts further at least partly to give the product. The invention further relates to an apparatus for performing the process.
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Page/Page column 9-10

(2011/06/24)

A one-pot synthesis of primary amides from aldoximes or aldehydes in water in the presence of a supported rhodium catalyst
(Equation Presented) Dehydration/Rehydration in Water: Supported rhodium hydroxide (Rh(OH)x/ Al2O3) is an effective heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of primary amides from aldoximes and aldehydes in water in a reaction that is entirely free of hazardous and carcinogenic organic solvents (see scheme).
Fujiwara, Hiroshi,Ogasawara, Yoshiyuki,Yamaguchi, Kazuya,Mizuno, Noritaka
p. 5202 - 5205
(2008/03/13)

Catalytic process for preparing aliphatic straight-chain and beta-alkyl-branched carboxylic acids
A catalytic process for preparing aliphatic straight-chain and β-alkyl-branched carboxylic acids of 5 to 13 carbon atoms by catalytic oxidation of the corresponding aldehydes by means of oxygen or oxygen-containing gas mixtures in the liquid phase in the presence of a catalyst system contains alkali metal carboxylates or alkaline earth metal carboxylates or a mixture thereof in an amount, calculated as alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, of 0.5 mmol to 15 mmol per mol of aldehyde used and also metals of groups 4 to 12 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, cerium or lanthanum in amounts of not more than 5 ppm, based on the aldehyde used, or compounds of such metals, with the catalyst system being the reaction product from an aldehyde oxidation reaction.
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Page/Page column 6-7; 10

(2008/06/13)

Process for the preparation of aliphatic linear and ?-alkyl-branched carboxylic acids
Preparation of aliphatic straight chain or beta -alkyl branched 5-13C alkyl carboxylic acid (I) comprises oxidizing an aldehyde with oxygen or oxygen-containing gas mixtures at 20-100[deg]C in the presence of an alkali and/or alkaline earth metal carboxylate, where the quantity of alkali or alkaline earth metal is calculated as 1-10 mmol/mol of used aldehyde, and group 5-11 metal (compound). Preparation of aliphatic straight chain or beta -alkyl branched 5-13C alkyl carboxylic acid (I) comprises oxidation of an aldehyde with oxygen or oxygen-containing gas mixtures at 20-100[deg]C in the presence of an alkali and/or alkaline earth metal carboxylate, where the quantity of alkali or alkaline earth metal is 1-10 mmol/mol of aldehyde and in the present of 0.1-5 ppm of a metal of the groups 5-11 of the periodic table of the elements or the corresponding quantity of a compound such as metal or its mixtures and/or metallic components, based on used aldehyde.
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Page/Page column 10-11

(2008/06/13)

Solvent dependence of diacyl peroxide decomposition kinetics under high pressure
The effect of molecular surrounding on the decomposition kinetics of bis(3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl) peroxide (BTMHP), dioctanoyl peroxide (DOP) and dibenzoyl peroxide (BPO) has been gauged by measurements in various solvents using time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy. Two complementary on-line methods, one discontinuous the other continuous, were used to study decomposition rates at pressures up to 3 kbar and temperatures up to 155°C. The decomposition of BTMHP, the prime diacyl peroxide of this study, has been monitored in nine solvents. In going from n-pentadecane to acetonitrile the rate increases by a factor of 7 at 80°C and 1500 bar. Both the Kirkwood function and the empirical solvent parameter ETN correlate very well the observed rate of decay. The activation energy of BTMHP decomposition in dichloromethane differs in going from low to high temperatures, whereas a single Arrhenius line is observed in n-heptane. The solvent influence on BTMHP and DOP decomposition is very similar, and distinctly different to that for BPO. The kinetic results for BTMHP and DOP from polarity, viscosity, pressure and temperature variation are not in conflict with two-bond homolysis, although this mechanism can not be proven. by R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Muenchen 1997.
Buback, Michael,Hinton, Cassandra
p. 229 - 254
(2007/10/03)

The kinetics and selectivity of the decomposition of diacyl peroxides under high pressure in hydrocarbon solution
The decomposition kinetics of bis(3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl) peroxide (BTMHP), dioctanoyl peroxide and dibenzoyl peroxide have been monitored under high pressure using time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy. Two experimental methods, one discontinuous the other continuous, were used for BTMHP, and their complementary nature allows measurement of the kinetics in an extended range of decomposition half-lives. Using n-heptane as solvent, investigations were carried out at temperatures from 60 up to 160°C, and in the pressure range 1 to 2500 bar. For BTMHP an activation energy of (131.2±6.5) kJ mor-1 was determined at 1500 bar. The value found at the same pressure for dioctanoyl peroxide is identical within experimental error, whilst that of dibenzoyl peroxide is slightly lower. An activation volume of ΔV≠ = (2.9±0.1) cm3 mol-1 was evaluated for the decomposition of BTMHP, and those of the remaining two peroxides found to be similar. The selectivity of the decomposition of BTMHP was considered by means of GC analysis. Using n-heptane and n-pentadecane as solvents, the effect of pressure on product distributions has been gauged from 1 to 2000 bar at 80°C. For the two main decomposition products, 2,4,4-trimethyl pentane (TMP) and 2,2,4,7,9,9-hexamethyl decane (HMD), pressure was found to enhance the formation of in-cage alkane dimer (HMD) relative to out-of-cage alkane (TMD). ? by R. Oldenbourg Verlag, 1996.
Buback, Michael,Hinton, Cassandra
p. 61 - 85
(2007/10/03)