- Recyclable, Strong, and Highly Malleable Thermosets Based on Boroxine Networks
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Traditional thermoset materials have favorable material properties but are unable to reprocess and are difficult to recycle. Small molecule boroxines have been shown to undergo a reversible exchange reaction. Herein we employ boroxine as dynamic cross-lin
- Ogden, William A.,Guan, Zhibin
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Read Online
- Metallocene supported catalyst and method for preparing polypropylene using the same
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The present invention relates to a supported metallocene catalyst including a novel single metallocene compound having excellent polymerization activity, and a process for producing a polypropylene having excellent processability and broad molecular weigh
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Page/Page column 23
(2020/11/30)
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- Auto-Tandem Catalysis with Frustrated Lewis Pairs for Reductive Etherification of Aldehydes and Ketones
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Herein we report that a single frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) catalyst can promote the reductive etherification of aldehydes and ketones. The reaction does not require an exogenous acid catalyst, but the combined action of FLP on H2, R-OH or H2O generates the required Br?nsted acid in a reversible, “turn on” manner. The method is not only a complementary metal-free reductive etherification, but also a niche procedure for ethers that would be either synthetically inconvenient or even intractable to access by alternative synthetic protocols.
- Bakos, Mária,Gy?m?re, ádám,Domján, Attila,Soós, Tibor
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supporting information
p. 5217 - 5221
(2017/04/27)
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- OXAZOLIDINONE HYDROXAMIC ACID COMPOUNDS FOR THE TREATMENT OF BACTERIAL INFECTIONS
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This invention pertains generally to treating bacterial infections using organic compounds of Formula I. In certain aspects, the invention pertains to treating infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. (I) wherein X, Y, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 and defined herein.
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Page/Page column 159
(2015/05/19)
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- 1,3-dicyclohexylimidazol-2-ylidene as a superior ligand for the nickel-catalyzed cross-couplings of aryl and benzyl methyl ethers with organoboron reagents
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A new catalytic system has been developed involving the use of Ni(cod)2 in conjunction with 1,3-dicyclohexylimidazol-2-ylidene for the cross-coupling of aryl and benzyl methyl ethers with organoboron reagents. This method not only allows for the use of readily available methyl ethers as halide surrogates but also provides a functional group tolerant method for the late-stage derivatization of complex molecules.
- Tobisu, Mamoru,Yasutome, Ayaka,Kinuta, Hirotaka,Nakamura, Keisuke,Chatani, Naoto
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supporting information
p. 5572 - 5575
(2015/02/19)
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- 2,2,2-Trichloroethyl aryldiazoacetates as robust reagents for the enantioselective C-H functionalization of methyl ethers
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A new class of reagents is described for C-H functionalization by means of C-H insertion using donor/acceptor-substituted rhodium(II) carbene intermediates. The 2,2,2-trichloroethyl aryl and heteroaryl diazoacetates, together with the dirhodium triarylcyclopropane carboxylate catalyst Rh2(R-BPCP)4, enabled the enantioselective intermolecular C-H functionalization of a range of methyl ethers with high levels of site selectivity and enantioselectivity.
- Guptill, David M.,Davies, Huw M. L.
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supporting information
p. 17718 - 17721
(2015/02/19)
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- Eco-efficient preparation of a N-doped graphene equivalent and its application to metal free selective oxidation reaction
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Here, we demonstrate that graphene oxide (GO) can be converted to N-doped reduced GO (rGO) that could become a substitute for N-doped graphene. Simultaneous doping and reduction can be accomplished for this purpose by simply mixing GO with hydrazine and then continuously sonicating the solution at 65 °C. A high level of reduction is realized, as evidenced by a carbon to oxygen ratio of 20.7 that compares with the highest value of 15.3 ever reported in solution (water + hydrazine) methods. Nitrogen doping is possible up to 6.3 wt% and the extent of doping can be increased with increasing sonication time. Notably, the simple tuning process of N-doping in GO greatly enhanced the efficiency of the carbocatalyst for various kinds of metal free oxidation reactions and hence is proposed as a suitable candidate for future industrial applications. This journal is the Partner Organisations 2014.
- Singh, Ajay K.,Basavaraju,Sharma, Siddharth,Jang, Seungwook,Park, Chan Pil,Kim, Dong-Pyo
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supporting information
p. 3024 - 3030
(2014/06/10)
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- Reductive etherification of aldehydes photocatalyzed by dicarbonyl pentamethylcyclopentadienyl iron complexes
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The reductive etherification of aldehydes can be performed by the reaction with dialkylmethylsilanes in the presence of new iron(II) piano-stool catalysts of general formula Cp*Fe(CO)2Ar (Cp * = η5-C5Me5; Ar = Ph, 4-C6H4OCH3, 4-C6H4CH 3, Fc). This transformation is promoted by UV light and affords a simple route for the preparation of unsymmetrical alkyl ethers.
- Argouarch, Gilles,Grelaud, Guillaume,Roisnel, Thierry,Humphrey, Mark G.,Paul, Frédéric
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supporting information
p. 5015 - 5018
(2012/11/07)
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- GLYT1 TRANSPORTER INHIBITORS AND USES THEREOF IN TREATMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL AND NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
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Compounds of Formula (I) or a salt thereof are provided: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R15, R7, R8 and m are as defined in the description. Uses of the co
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Page/Page column 40-41
(2008/12/07)
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- Synthetic protocols and building blocks for molecular electronics
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Simple and readily accessible aryl bromides are useful building blocks for thiol end-capped molecular wires. Thus, 4-bromophenyl tert-butyl sulfide and 1-bromo-4-(methoxymethyl)benzene serve as precursors for a variety of oligo(phenylenevinylene) and olig
- Stuhr-Hansen, Nicolai,S?rensen, Jakob Kryger,Moth-Poulsen, Kasper,Christensen, J?rn Bolstad,Bj?rnholm, Thomas,Nielsen, Mogens Br?ndsted
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p. 12288 - 12295
(2007/10/03)
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- Anilide derivative, production and use thereof
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This invention is to provide a compound of the formula: wherein R1is an optionally substituted 5- to 6-membered ring; the ring A is an optionally substituted 6- to 7-membered ring; the ring B is an optionally substituted benzene ring; n is an integer of 1 or 2; Z is a chemical bond or a divalent group; R2is (1) an optionally substituted amino group in which a nitrogen atom may form a quaternary ammonium, (2) an optionally substituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring group which may contain a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom as ring constituting atoms and wherein a nitrogen atom may form a quaternary ammonium, (3) a group binding through a sulfur atom or (4) a group of the formula: ?wherein k is 0 or 1, and when k is 0, a phosphorus atom may form a phosphonium; and R5and R6are independently an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, an optionally substituted hydroxy group or an optionally substituted amino group, and R5and R6may bind to each other to form a cyclic group together with the adjacent phosphorus atom, or a salt thereof , which is useful for antagonizing CCR5 and also for the prevention and treatment of infectious disease of HIV.
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- Correlation of the rates of solvolysis of (arylmethyl)methylphenyl-sulfonium ions
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The specific rates of solvolysis of the benzylmethylphenylsulfonium ion (prepared as the trifluoromethanesulfonate salt) and five benzylic ring-substituted derivatives can be satisfactorily correlated using NT solvent nucleophilicity values. Addition of a secondary term, governed by the aromatic ring parameter (I), shows the sensitivities towards changes in this parameter to fall and those towards changes in NT to rise with increasing electron-withdrawing ability of the substituent. The Hammett ρ values with electron-withdrawing substituents (based on ρ+ values) vary from -0.9 in 95% acetone to -1.8 in 97% 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol. These Grunwald-Winstein and Hammett analyses are compared to those previously reported, with essentially the same solvents and substituents, for solvolyses of arylmethyl p-toluenesulfonates.
- Kevill, Dennis N.,Ismail, Norsaadah H.J.
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p. 1865 - 1868
(2007/10/03)
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- Orally active antimalarial 3-substituted trioxanes: New synthetic methodology and biological evaluation
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On the basis of a mechanistic understanding of the mode of action of artemisinin-like antimalarials, a series of structurally simple 3-aryl- 1,2,4-trioxanes 5 was designed and was prepared in three to five operations from commercial reactants. The 3-aryl group was attached in each case as a nucleophile. In an electronically complementary fashion, 3-(fluoroalkyl)- trioxanes 6 were prepared via attachment of electrophilic fluoroalkyl esters. Both in vitro and in vivo antimalarial evaluations of these new trioxanes showed 12β-methoxy-3-aryltrioxanes 5g, 5j, 5k, and 5l to be highly potent, with crystalline fluorobenzyl ether trioxane 5k especially potent even when administered to rodents orally. As shown by rearrangement of hexamethyl Dewar benzene into hexamethylbenzene, iron-induced degradation of some of these 3- aryltrioxanes 5 involves generation of high-valent iron oxo species that might kill malaria parasites.
- Posner, Gary H.
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p. 940 - 951
(2007/10/03)
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- Reactivity of the acids of trivalent phosphorus and their derivatives. Part VI. The reaction of the >P-O- anions with benzyl bromides para-substituted in the phenyl ring
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The reaction of p-substituted benzyl bromides with the >P-O- ions in THF, alcohols and toluene as the solvents is described. According to the reduction potential of the p-substituted benzyl bromides and the solvent used the formation of the P-C bond, debromination and/or dimerization occur. The principal process is believed to be X-philic substitution, the dimers are formed through a secondary process via SET from the p-substituted benzyl anions into the p-substituted benzyl bromides.
- Witt, Dariusz,Rachon, Janusz
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p. 169 - 187
(2007/10/03)
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- The Mechanism of RuO4-Mediated Oxidations of Ethers: Isotope Effects, Solvent Effects and Substituent Effects
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The mechanism of the RuO4-mediated oxidation of ethers to esters has been investigated.Oxidation of cyclopropylmethyl methyl ether gave methyl cyclopropanecarboxylate.No rearranged products were observed.On RuO4 oxidation of benzyl methyl ether and p-methoxybenzyl methyl ether in CCl4 with NaIO4 as stoichiometric oxidant, no chlorinated products were observed.A series of 4-substituted benzyl methyl ethers was oxidized with RuO4-NaIO4.A correlation of the rate of the reaction with Hammett ?-values gave a ρ of -1.7, indicating only a moderate charge separation in the transition state (TS).Benzyl methyl ether (1) was oxidized in a series of acetone-water mixtures.From these experiments, a Grunwald-Winstein m-value of 0.11 was obtained, indicating a non-polar TS for the reaction.PhCHDOCH3 (2) and PhCD2OCH3 (3) were oxidized and two deuterium isotipe effects, one of 6.1+/-0.4 and another of 1.3+/-0.1 were obtained.If one assumes a one-step reaction mechanism, the value of 1.3 would be a large α-secondary isotope effect, indicating a change in the hybridization of the benzylic carbon during the reaction. α-Methylbenzyl methyl ether (4) was oxidized at a seventh of the rate of 1, despite the fact that 4 would have given a more stable carbocation than 1.These conflicting pieces of evidence are difficult to rationalise with a hydride or hydrogen abstraction mechanism.Instead it is proposed that the reaction proceeds by either a concerted reaction or by a reversible oxidative addition of the ether to RuO4 followed by a slow concerted step to give the product.
- Bakke, Jan M.,Froehaug, Astrid E.
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p. 615 - 622
(2007/10/02)
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- TRIAZOLOPYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES WHICH ARE ANGIOTENSIN II RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS
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The present invention relates to the derivatives of formula: STR1 and to their tautomeric forms as well as to their addition salts and to their use in therapy, in particular for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, especially for the treatment of hypertension, cardiac insufficiency and diseases of the arterial wall.
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- Insecticidal ethers
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This invention relates to novel fluorinated ethers, useful as insecticides and acaricides, to processes and intermediates for their preparation, to insecticidal and acaricidal compositions thereof and to methods of combating and controlling insect and acarine pests therewith.
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- The Synthesis of Phosphonium Cascade Molecules
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The synthesis of a series of cascade molecules (dendrimers) in which the core and branch points are phosphonium ion sites has been accomplished.The primary cores of these cascade molecules are either tridirectional or tetradirectional for the development
- Rengan, Kasthuri,Engel, Robert
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p. 987 - 990
(2007/10/02)
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- Diphenyl ether derivatives and their use as insecticides
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A compound of formula: STR1 wherein W represents one or more substituents selected from halo, alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, haloalkyl and haloalkoxy or W represents a bidentate group linking adjacent carbon atoms selected from alkylene and alkylenedioxy; Y is a group of formula STR2 wherein X is a group of formula --(CF2)n R3, where R3 is selected from hydrogen, chloro and fluoro, and n is one or two, R1 is selected from hydrogen, chloro, fluoro and hydroxy and R2 is selected from methyl, cyano, ethynyl and hydrogen; Q is selected from carbon bearing a hydrogen atom and nitrogen; and Z represents one or more substituents selected from fluoro, benzyl, phenoxy, chlorophenoxy, fluorophenoxy and bromophenoxy, or any isomer thereof. Processes for preparing these compounds and intermediates for use therein, insecticidal compositions containing these compounds and the use thereof are also disclosed.
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- Mercury-assisted solvolyses of alkyl halides. Simple procedures for the preparation of nitrate esters, acetate esters, alcohols and ethers
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The reactions of a wide variety of alkyl halides with mercury(I) and/or (II) nitrate in 1,2-dimethoxyethane, mercury(II) acetate in acetic acid, aqueous mercury(II) perchlorate, and mercury(II) perchlorate in alcohol solvents have been investigated; as a result, simple high yield procedures for the conversion of alkyl halides into the corresponding nitrate esters, acetate esters, alcohols and ethers have been developed.
- McKillop,Ford
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p. 2467 - 2475
(2007/10/05)
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