7791-23-3 Usage
Description
Selenium oxychloride, also known as Selenium(IV) chloride oxide, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula SeOCl2. It is a colorless to pale yellow crystalline solid that is soluble in water and has a pungent odor. Selenium oxychloride is a polar solvent and a chlorinating agent, making it useful in various industrial applications.
Uses
Used in Chemical Synthesis:
Selenium oxychloride is used as a polar solvent for the synthesis of phenolic resins and other organic compounds. Its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances makes it a versatile solvent in the chemical industry.
Used in the Preparation of Selenium Compounds:
Selenium oxychloride is used to prepare other selenium-containing compounds, such as selenium oxybromide and selenium nitride. These compounds have various applications in different industries, including electronics and metallurgy.
Used as a Chlorinating Agent:
Selenium oxychloride acts as a chlorinating agent in various chemical reactions. It can be used to introduce chlorine atoms into organic molecules, which is useful for the synthesis of a variety of chemical products.
Preparation
Selenium oxychloride may be prepared by several methods: (1) by passing chlorine gas into a suspension of selenium dioxide in carbon tetrachloride, (2) by heating thionyl chloride, SOCl2, with selenium dioxide, (3) by dehydration of dichloroselenious acid, H2Se(Cl2)O2, and (4) by fusion of selenium dioxide, selenium, and calcium chloride.
Production Methods
Selenium oxychloride (SeOCl2) is a powerful solvent, chlorinating
agent, and resin plasticizer used in the chemical
industry.
Air & Water Reactions
Fumes in air. Insoluble in water and denser than water. Decomposed in water or moist air to form hydrochloric acid and selenious acid [Merck 11th ed. 1989].
Reactivity Profile
Red phosphorus reacts in the cold with SELENIUM OXYCHLORIDE evolving light and heat; white phosphorus reacts explosively [Mellor 10:906 1946-47]. When potassium is brought into contact with SELENIUM OXYCHLORIDE in the cold, an explosion occurs [Mellor 10:908 1946-47]. May react vigorously or explosively if mixed with diisopropyl ether or other ethers in the presence of trace amounts of metal salts [J. Haz. Mat., 1981, 4, 291]. Powdered antimony ignites on contact with the chloride, [Mellor, 1947, Vol. 10, 906]. With metal oxides, i.e. silver oxide, light is evolved and heat sufficient to decompose the mixture, [Mellor, 1947, Vol. 10, 909].
Hazard
Extremely hazardous, toxic irritant, poison,
severe vesicant.
Health Hazard
SELENIUM OXYCHLORIDE is very toxic and may cause death or permanent injury after very short exposures to small quantities. Inhalation of small quantities may be corrosive and irritating to the respiratory tract. It can burn and irritate the skin and eyes and cause burns when ingested. Long-term exposure to selenium compounds may be a cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in humans. Populations at special risk include those with a history of dermatitis, chronic bronchitis, skin allergies, respiratory tract infections, liver or kidney disease, jaundice, or albuminuria. Women of child-bearing age are also considered at risk.
Fire Hazard
When SELENIUM OXYCHLORIDE is heated to decomposition, or in contact with acids or acid fumes, highly toxic chloride and selenium fumes are evolved. Hydrochloric acid and selenious acid are produced by reaction with water. Decomposed by water. Reacts violently with powdered antimony, red and white phosphorus, disilver oxide, lead oxides, and potassium. Avoid water, moist air.
Safety Profile
Poison by skin contact and subcutaneous routes. Human systemic effects by skin contact with very small amounts: primary irritant, corrosive. Explodes on contact with potassium, white phosphorus. Ignites on contact with antimony. Vigorous reaction with metal oxides (e.g., silver oxide, lead@) oxide, lead(Ⅳ) oxide, lead(II)(IV) oxide). When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Cland Se. See also SELENIUM COMPOUNDS and CHLORIDES.
Potential Exposure
This material is used as a solvent for many substances, including metals and as a chlorinating agent; and resin plasticizer; as an ionizing solvent; for monochlorination of ketones.
Shipping
UN2879 Selenium oxychloride, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material, 6.1-Poisonous material.
Incompatibilities
Water and air reactive releasing strong acids. The aqueous solution is a strong acid and oxidizer.Reacts violently with bases, reducing agents, hydrides, powdered antimony, red, and white phosphorus, disilver oxide, lead oxide; powdered metals, and potassium. Note: Never pour water into this substance; when dissolving or diluting always add it slowly to the water
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 7791-23-3 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 7,7,9 and 1 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 2 and 3 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 7791-23:
(6*7)+(5*7)+(4*9)+(3*1)+(2*2)+(1*3)=123
123 % 10 = 3
So 7791-23-3 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/Cl2OSe/c1-4(2)3
7791-23-3Relevant articles and documents
GaSeCl5O: A Molecular Compound with Very Strong SHG Effect
Bayarjargal, Lkhamsuren,Bonnin, Maxime A.,Feldmann, Claus,Milman, Victor,Winkler, Bj?rn,Wolf, Silke
, p. 15653 - 15658 (2021/10/26)
GaSeCl5O is a new inorganic molecular compound prepared from SeO2, SeCl4, and GaCl3 at 50 °C in quantitative yield. The structure of the title compound is described by GaCl3(OSeCl2) molecules with a tetrahedrally coordinated Ga atom and a pseudo-tetrahedrally coordinated Se atom (including lone pair of Se(IV)) that are bridged by oxygen. GaSeCl5O crystallizes in the polar chiral space group P61, which is rarely observed for molecular structures. The compound is characterized by X-ray structure analysis based on single crystals and powder samples, thermogravimetry, infrared and Raman spectroscopy as well as by second harmonic generation (SHG) measurements. The experimental data are complemented by density functional theory calculations. GaSeCl5O shows one of the strongest SHG signals known in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum (480-700 nm) with an SHG intensity 10 times higher than potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP). This is in accordance with the phase matchability and a strong dipole moment (|μ| = 8.3 D for a molecule in the crystal lattice). Such a strong SHG effect is also remarkable since GaSeCl5O - unlike most of the materials with strong SHG intensity - is an inorganic molecular compound.
Haloselenate(IV) formation and selenous acid dissociation equilibria in hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids
Milne, John
, p. 316 - 321 (2007/10/02)
Raman spectroscopy has shown that the initial stages of haloselenate(IV) formation equilibria are the same in HF and HCl solutions. The constants K4 and K5, evaluated by quantitative Raman measurements, for HCl solutions are 0.015 (+/- 0.001) L2mol-2 and 0.9 (+/- 0.1)E-5 L2mol-2, respectively.These constants yield the minimum average deviation in normalized molar scattering intensity for the species formed in three regions of the spectra, 690 and 890 cm-1 (SeO stretching) and 100-450 cm-1 (deformation and SeCl stretching).Before the oneset of haloselenate(IV) formation, changes in the SeO stretching band intensities with HX concentrations occur due to repression of ionic dissociation of selenious acid Quantitative Raman measurements yield K1 = 9.8 (+/- 0.3)E-3 mol L-1.Reasons for the high value of this constant, compared to reported values, are discussed.
