7758-95-4

Basic information

• Product Name: Lead dichloride
• Synonyms: Lead chloride (PbCl2);leadchloride(pbcl2);leaddichloride;Leclo;NA 2291;PbCl2;Plumbous chloride;plumbouschloride
• CAS NO: 7758-95-4
• Molecular Formula: Cl2Pb
• Molecular Weight: 278.11
• EINECS: 231-845-5
• Product Categories: Inorganics;Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry;Chemical Synthesis;Crystal Grade Inorganics;Lead Salts;LeadMetal and Ceramic Science;Salts;metal halide;Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry;Chemical Synthesis;Lead;Lead Salts;Materials Science;Metal and Ceramic Science;Crystal Grade Inorganics;Ultra-High Purity Materials
• Mol File: 7758-95-4.mol
• Article Data: 30

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 501 °C(lit.)
• Boiling Point: 950 °C(lit.)
• Flash Point: 951°C
• Appearance: White to off-white/powder
• Density: 5.85 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
• Vapor Pressure: 1 mm Hg ( 547 °C)
• Storage Temp.: Store below +30°C.
• Solubility: aliphatic hydrocarbons: slightly soluble(lit.)
• Water Solubility: Soluble in hot water, alkali hydroxides and NH₄Cl solution. Insoluble in cold water and alcohol.
• Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids.
• Merck: 14,5404
• CAS DataBase Reference: Lead dichloride(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: Lead dichloride(7758-95-4)
• EPA Substance Registry System: Lead dichloride(7758-95-4)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: T,N
• Statements: 61-20/22-33-50/53-62
• Safety Statements: 53-45-60-61
• RIDADR: UN 2291 6.1/PG 3
• WGK Germany: 3
• RTECS: OF9450000
• TSCA: Yes
• HazardClass: 6.1
• PackingGroup: III
• Hazardous Substances Data: 7758-95-4(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Description

Lead dichloride, also known as lead (II) chloride, lead chloride, or plumbous chloride, is an inorganic chloride consisting of two chlorine atoms covalently bound to a central lead atom. It occurs naturally in the form of the mineral cotunnite and is a white crystalline powder. Lead dichloride is a precursor for organometallic derivatives of lead and has extensive applications across various industries.

Uses

Used in Chemical Manufacture:
Lead dichloride is used as a source of lead for the manufacture of other lead compounds.
Used in Glass Industry:
Lead dichloride is used as an additive in the production of infrared transmitting glass, enhancing its properties.
Lead dichloride is also used in the production of ornamental glass, known as aurene glass, where it is sprayed to give the glass an iridescent surface.
Used in Ceramics:
Lead dichloride serves as a raw material in the synthesis of lead titanate and barium lead titanate ceramics.
Used in Paint Industry:
Lead dichloride is used as an ingredient and provides a natural white color in the production of Pattinson's white lead, a pigment in white paint.
Used in Pigment Industry:
Lead dichloride is a raw material in the production of various pigments, such as Pattison's white lead, Verona yellow, Turner's patent yellow, and lead oxychloride.
Used in Other Applications:
Lead dichloride is used as a fluxing agent in welding, providing improved flow and bonding properties.
It is also used as a flame retardant in nylon wire coatings, enhancing the safety features of the material.
In magnesium-lead dichloride seawater batteries, lead dichloride is used as cathode material, contributing to the battery's performance.
Lead dichloride is used as an additive in asbestos clutch or brake linings, improving their performance and durability.
Lead dichloride is also used in the removal of H2S and ozone from effluent gases, acting as a sterilization indicator, and as a polymerization catalyst for alphaolefins and a co-catalyst in the manufacturing of acrylonitrile.
In addition to these applications, lead dichloride has been used in the synthesis of methyl ammonium lead iodide perovskite nanocrystals, which have potential applications in optoelectronics and solar cells due to their tunable electronic bandgap and superior photovoltaic performance.

Reactions

Lead(II) chloride reacts with chlorine to produce Lead(IV) chloride: PbCl2+ Cl2→PbCl4.

Preparation

Lead dichloride is precipitated by adding hydrochloric acid or any chloride salt solution to a cold solution of lead nitrate or other lead(II) salt: Pb2+ + 2Clˉ → PbCl2 Alternatively, it is prepared by treating lead monoxide or basic lead carbonate with hydrochloric acid and allowing the precipitate to settle..

Reactivity Profile

Lead dichloride is a weak reducing agent. Interaction of Lead dichloride and calcium is explosive on warming, [Mellor, 1941, Vol. 3, 369].

Hazard

Toxic effects from ingestion may vary from low to moderate. The oral lethal dose in guinea pigs is documented as 1,500 mg/kg. (Lewis (Sr.), R. J. 1996. Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, 9th ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold).

Health Hazard

DUST AND FUMES. POISONOUS IF INHALED. SOLID: If swallowed, may cause metallic taste, abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Fire Hazard

Not flammable. POISONOUS METAL FUMES MAY BE PRODUCED IN FIRE. Toxic metal fumes. Can emit toxic metal fumes.

Flammability and Explosibility

Notclassified

Potential Exposure

Used to make lead salts; lead chromate pigments; as an analytical reagent for making other chemicals; making printed circuit boards; as a solder and flux.

Purification Methods

Crystallise it from distilled water at 100o (33mL/g) after filtering through sintered-glass and adding a few drops of HCl, by cooling. After three crystallisations the solid is dried under vacuum or under anhydrous HCl vapour by heating slowly to 400o. The solubility in H2O is 0.07% at ~10o, and 0.43% at ~ 100o.

Incompatibilities

A reducing agent. Violent reaction with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, and chemically active metals. Explosive with calcium 1 warming

InChI:InChI=1/2ClH.Pb.4H/h2*1H;;;;;/q;;+2;;;;/p-2/r2ClH.H4Pb/h2*1H;1H4/q;;+2/p-2

Upstream product

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Downstream Products

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Relevant articles and documents

Reactions of tin and lead with tricarbonylcyclopentadienylmolybdenum(II) and tricarbonylcyclopentadienyltungsten(II) chlorides

Tin was oxidized with tricarbonylcyclopentadienylmolybdenum and tricarbonylcyclopentadienyl-tungsten chlorides to obtain polynuclear organometallic compounds [η5-C5H5M(CO) 3]2SnCl2 (M = Mo,

Ba6BO3Cl9and Pb6BO4Cl7: structural insights intoortho-borates with uncondensed BO4tetrahedra

Two new halogen-richortho-borates, Ba6BO3Cl9and Pb6BO4Cl7, were synthesized and characterized. Interestingly, Pb6BO4Cl7contains rare uncondensed BO4/s

A Monoaryllead Trichloride That Resists Reductive Elimination

Transmetallation of Pb(OAc)4 with R2Hg (1), followed by treatment with HCl in Et2O, provided RPbCl3 (2), the first kinetically stabilized monoorganolead trihalide that resists reductive elimination under ambient

The synthesis, characterization, and theoretical analysis of (NH4)3PbCl5

A new compound, namely (NH4)3PbCl5, has been synthesized via a low-temperature molten salt method in a closed system. It crystallizes in the orthorhombicPnma(No. 62) space group. The crystal structure of (NH4)3PbCl5features a distinct three-dimensional network constructed via hydrogen bonds that exist between ammonium and chloride anions. The UV-Vis-NIR diffuse reflectance spectrum displays a short UV cutoff edge at about 256 nm. Besides, the thermal behavior (TG and DSC) was also analyzed. To better understand the structure-property relationships of (NH4)3PbCl5, theoretical calculations based on density functional theory were also performed. The result shows that the birefringence is expected to be about 0.050 at 1064 nm, and the bandgap is about 4.45 eV, which is consistent with the experimental result.

FCC-HCP phase boundary in lead

The temperature evolution of fcc-to-hcp transformation in lead metal was studied and pressure-temperature equation of state for fcc and hcp phases up to 800 K and 40 GPa was determined. Polycrystalline lead was studied in extremely heated, gasketed diamond anvil cell. In situ high-pressure-high-temperature data were obtained at the ID-30 beam line by angle dispersive X-ray diffraction techniques employing monochromatic X-radiation. An unexpected interaction of lead with sodium chloride surrounded the samples and significant reduction of the alloying temperature with gold was observed.

Copper polytellurite-chlorides with A2?+ cations ([Formula presented], Pb) obtained by CVT reactions

Two novel polytellurite-chlorides Pb5Cu2(Te4O11)Cl8 (1) and CdCu2(Te3O8)Cl2 (2) were obtained by a chemical vapor transport (CVT-reactions) reactions. The structure of 1 is based on [Pb5Cu2(Te4O11)]8?+ one-dimensional blocks with full and partially occupied Cl sites around. The structure of 2 can be described as being formed by two types of one-dimensional units formed by Cd,Cu-centered polyhedra and TeO3, TeO4 pyramids sharing via common O atoms into electroneutral [CdCu2(Te3O8)Cl2]0 sheets. Obtaining of novel polytellurite-chlorides demonstrates effectiveness of CVT techniques for preparation of different tellurite-based complex layered materials.

Novel cubic gravel-like EDAPbCl4@ZIF-67 as electrochemical sensor for the detection of protocatechuic acid

A novel EDAPbCl4 @ZIF-67 (EDA = ethylenediammonium) nanocomposite material was successfully prepared by embedding a hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) into a porous zeolite imidazolate frame structure material (Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks, ZIFs). The electrochemical sensor was fabricated through dropping EDAPbCl4 @ZIF-67 onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and applied to the detection of protocatechuic acid (PCA). The results of a series of electrochemical performance tests including cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) showed that EDAPbCl4 @ZIF-67/GCE could amplify the signal of the electrochemical response to the oxidation of PCA. The peak current of EDAPbCl4 @ZIF-67/GCE was linearly increased with the concentration in the range of 22–337 μM. The linear regression equation was I(μA)= 0.0031 C (μM)+ 1.6968 (R2 =0.9916), the detection limit (S/N = 3) was 15 μM. Meanwhile, EDAPbCl4 @ZIF-67/GCE can effectively detect PCA in green tea and cough syrup.Its relatively excellent sensitivity indicated that the hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite (EDAPbCl4 @ZIF-67) was feasible to be used as electrochemical sensor material.