178114-28-8Relevant articles and documents
"Untypical aging off-flavor" in wine: Synthesis of potential degradation compounds of indole-3-acetic acid and kynurenine and their evaluation as precursors of 2-aminoacetophenone
Hoenicke, Katrin,Borchert, Ole,Gruening, Kai,Simat, Thomas J.
, p. 4303 - 4309 (2002)
Kynurenine (1) and indole-3-acetic acid (2) are considered as potential precursors of 2-aminoacetophenone (3), which is regarded to be the aroma impact compound causing an "untypical aging off-flavor" (UTA) in Vitis vinifera wines. The mechanism of the formation of 3 was studied using model fermentation and model sulfuration media spiked with 1 or 2 as potential precursors. Possible degradation products such as kynurenamine (4) and kynurenic acid (5), or skatole (6), 2-oxoskatole (7), 2-formamidoacetophenone (8), 2-oxindole-3-acetic acid (9), and 3-(2-formylaminophenyl)-3-oxopropionic acid (10) were evaluated by HPLC-UV of the fermentation and sulfuration media and comparison with synthesized 7, 8, 9, and 10. The synthesis of the possible precursor 4-(2-aminophenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoic acid (11), a proposed metabolite of 1 failed because a spontaneous cyclization yields 5 and N-oxo-kynurenic acid (12), but not 11. It could be shown that the formation of 3 is triggered by an oxidative degradation of 2 after sulfuration with potassium bisulfite via the intermediates 10 and 8. However, no formation of 3 occurred during sulfuration of a model wine spiked with 1 or during fermentation of a model must spiked with 1 or 2.
AMINOPYRAZINE COMPOUNDS WITH A2A ANTAGONIST PROPERTIES
-
Paragraph 0123; 0124, (2016/12/26)
Disclosed are compounds having the structure of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any thereof, wherein: "Z", R1 and R2 are defined herein, which compounds are believed suitable for use in selectively antagonizing th
Asymmetric synthesis of ACE inhibitor-Benazepril HCl via a bioreductive reaction
Chang, Ching-Yao,Yang, Teng-Kuei
, p. 2239 - 2245 (2007/10/03)
An enantioselective synthesis of the potent angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (2S, 3′S)-2-(1-carboxymethyl-2-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H- benzo[b]azepin-3-ylamino)-4-phenylbutyric acid ethyl ester hydrochloride, Benazepril HCl 4, has been achieved through an asymmetric reduction of 4-(2-nitrophenyl)-2,4-dioxobutyric acid ethyl ester 6b employing baker's yeast as the reductive catalyst.