1314-87-0 Usage
Description
Lead(II) Sulfide, also known as lead sulfide or galena, is a chemical compound with the formula PbS. It is a silvery to black crystalline powder that occurs naturally as the mineral galena. Lead(II) Sulfide is characterized by its metallic luster, good cubic cleavage, and a hardness of 2.5 on the Mohs scale. It is soluble in strong nitric acid and excess hot hydrochloric acid. LEAD(II) SULFIDE has a melting point of 1,118°C and a refractive index of 3.91. It is very slightly soluble in water, with a solubility of 124 mg/L at 20°C and a KSP of 9.04x10^–29 at 25°C.
Uses
Used in Electronics Industry:
Lead(II) Sulfide is used as a semiconductor in electronic devices due to its chemical properties. It is utilized in the manufacturing of infrared sensors, photodetectors, and transistors, making it an essential component in various electronic applications.
Used in Solar Energy Industry:
The size of lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QDs) varies between 2.5 to 8 nm, and depending on this size, they emit between 900-1600 nm. These PbS QDs possess high quantum yield, sharp emission, and exhibit a narrow fluorescence band (full width at half maximum <100 nm). These properties make them suitable as light absorbers or infrared emitters in solar cells, enhancing their efficiency and performance.
Used in Optoelectronics Industry:
Lead(II) Sulfide is used in the development of infrared light-emitting diodes (LEDs) due to its unique optical properties. Its ability to emit light in the infrared spectrum makes it a valuable material for creating advanced optoelectronic devices.
Used in Ceramic Industry:
Lead(II) Sulfide has been used for glazing earthenware, providing a protective and decorative layer on ceramic objects. Its unique properties contribute to the durability and appearance of the finished products.
Used in Petroleum Industry:
Lead(II) Sulfide serves as a catalyst in petroleum refining, particularly for the removal of mercaptans from petroleum distillates. This application helps improve the quality of refined petroleum products and reduces environmental impact.
Used in High-Temperature Lubricants:
Lead(II) Sulfide is utilized as a component in high-temperature lubricants, providing excellent performance and reducing friction in various industrial applications.
Used in Mining Industry:
Lead(II) Sulfide occurs naturally as the mineral galena, which is the chief ore of lead. Most lead is extracted from this ore, making it a crucial component in the mining and metallurgical industries.
Used in Manufacturing of Lead:
Lead(II) Sulfide has been used for many years as a source of lead (Pb). The main method to obtain the lead is through the smelting of PbS, followed by the reduction of lead (II) oxide to lead and carbon monoxide. This process is essential for the production of lead and its various applications.
Used in Nanotechnology:
In recent years, lead(II) sulfide has been used to obtain nanoparticles for use in electronic or electric devices. These nanoparticles offer improved properties and performance, making them valuable in the development of advanced technologies.
Preparation
Lead sulfide occurs naturally as the mineral galena. It can be prepared in the laboratory as a black precipitate by passing hydrogen sulfide through a dilute acid solution of inorganic lead salt, such as lead nitrate or lead acetate:
Pb2+ + H2S → PbS + 2H+
It also is obtained by direct combination of elements by heating metallic lead with sulfur vapors.
Reactions
Lead sulfide decomposes in excess concentrated hydrochloric acid liberating hydrogen sulfide and probably forming chloroplumbus acid in solution:
PbS + 4HCl → H2PbCl4 + H2S
Two types of reactions occur with nitric acid depending on the concentration of the acid. Lead sulfide dissolves in dilute nitric acid, oxidizing to elemental sulfur:
PbS + 2HNO3 → Pb(NO3)2 + S + H2
However, treatment with concentrated nitric acid yields lead(II) sulfate:
PbS + 4HNO3 → PbSO4 + 4HNO2
Lead sulfide also undergoes various oxidation reactions at elevated temperatures that occur in a reverberatory furnace, during the production of lead from galena. Sulfur dioxide and lead sulfate are formed as intermediate products. Some typical reactions are as follows:
PbS + 2O2e→PbSO4
2PbS + 3O2→2PbO + 2SO2
PbS + 2PbO→3Pb + SO2
PbS + PbSO4→2Pb + 2SO2
When roasted in an air blast furnace, basic lead sulfate, PbO?PbSO4 (also known as sublimed white lead), is formed.
Reactivity Profile
The reaction between iodine monochloride and any of the following is vigorous: cadmium sulfide, LEAD(II) SULFIDE, silver sulfide, or zinc sulfide [Mellor 2, Supp. 1:502. 1956].
Health Hazard
INHALATION OR INGESTION: Abdominal pain, loss of appetite, weight loss, constipation, apathy or irritability, vomiting, fatigue, headache, weakness metallic taste and muscle incoordination. Lead line on gums. EYES: Irritation. May cause corneal destruction. SKIN: Pain and severe burns.
Fire Hazard
Behavior in Fire: At fire temperatures emits highly toxic and irritating sulfur oxides.
Potential Exposure
Lead sulfide is used in ceramics, infrared radiation detectors, and semiconductors.
Shipping
UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances,
solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required. UN3288 Toxic
solids, inorganic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-
Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required.
Incompatibilities
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, and iodine monochloride.
Sulfides react with acids to produce toxic and flammable
vapors of hydrogen sulfide.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 1314-87-0 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 1,3,1 and 4 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 8 and 7 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 1314-87:
(6*1)+(5*3)+(4*1)+(3*4)+(2*8)+(1*7)=60
60 % 10 = 0
So 1314-87-0 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/Pb.S.4H/q+2;-2;;;;/rH4Pb.S/h1H4;/q+2;-2
1314-87-0Relevant articles and documents
Process for production of 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonic acid and its salts
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, (2008/06/13)
A process for producing 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonic acid or its salts useful as an antidote to toxic metal salt poisoning comprising reacting an allyl bromide with sodium sulfite in aqueous medium at a temperature from 50 to 100 degrees C. to produce sodium-2-propene-1-sulfonate, brominating the 2-propene-1-sulfonate, eliminating excess bromine by adding sodium sulfite, adjusting the Ph to 4.5 with sodium hydroxide, reacting the brominated compound with sodium hydrogen sulfide in an alkaline medium to produce sodium-2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate, precipitating the raw product as a lead salt or mercury, cadmium, tin, copper, nickel, cobalt or zinc complex, suspending the precipitated product in methanol and reacting it with gaseous hydrogen sulfide, adjusting the Ph of the solution with a solid bicarbonate selected from the group consisting of sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate to a Ph of 4.5, filtering out precipitated metal sulfides, isolating the raw product by evaporating the filtrate to dryness, and recrystallizing the raw product in a 90% solution of ethanol or isopropanol.
