12244-57-4

Basic information

• Product Name: Sodium aurothiomalate
• Synonyms: chrysothios;disodiumaurothiomalate;kidon;mercapto-butanedioicacimonogold(1+)sodiumsalt;mercapto-succinicacigoldsodiumsalt;miochrysin;myochrysine;myocrisin
• CAS NO: 12244-57-4
• Molecular Formula: Au*C₄H₄O₄S*Na
• Molecular Weight: 390.08
• EINECS: 235-479-7
• Product Categories: Organic-metal salt
• Mol File: 12244-57-4.mol
• Article Data: 1

Chemical Properties

• Appearance: /
• Water Solubility: Very soluble in water. Practically insoluble in alcohol, ether
• Merck: 14,4518
• CAS DataBase Reference: Sodium aurothiomalate(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: Sodium aurothiomalate(12244-57-4)
• EPA Substance Registry System: Sodium aurothiomalate(12244-57-4)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: Xn
• Statements: 20/21/22-43
• Safety Statements: 36
• WGK Germany: 3
• RTECS: MD5435000
• Hazardous Substances Data: 12244-57-4(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Description

Sodium aurothiomalate is a white to yellowish-white powder that is odorless with a metallic taste. It is highly soluble in water and practically insoluble in ethanol and ether. Its aqueous solutions are colorless to pale yellow, with a pH of 5.8–6.5 when dissolved in a 5% solution. It is also known by the brand name Myochrysine, manufactured by Merck.

Uses

Used in Medicine:
Sodium aurothiomalate is used as an antirheumatic agent, specifically for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It is believed to exert its therapeutic effects by suppressing the immune system and reducing inflammation.
Used in Diagnostic Applications:
Sodium aurothiomalate is used as a reagent for high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 (HMGB1) western blotting. This application is crucial in research and diagnostics, as HMGB1 is a protein involved in various cellular processes, including inflammation and immune responses.

Production Methods

Gold(I) thiomalate is prepared by reacting sodium thiomalate with gold(I) halide. It is stored in the dark and otherwise protected from light.

Pharmaceutical Applications

Sodium aurothiomalate is a commonly used gold-based DMARD and is indicated for active progressive RA. It is administered by deep intramuscular injection. Administration is started with a test dose of 10mg followed by weekly intervals of 50 mg doses. An improvement is expected to be seen once 300–500 mg is administered. Treatment should be discontinued if there is no improvement after administering 1 g or 2months. Intervals of administration should be gradually increased to 4weeks in patients in whom an effect can be seen. If any blood disorders or other side effects such as GI bleedings or proteinuria are observed, sodium aurothiomalate should be discontinued.

Clinical Use

Active progressive rheumatoid arthritis in adults

Safety Profile

Poison by subcutaneous and intramuscular routes. Moderately toxic bj intravenous ' route. Human systemic effects: aggression, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, cell count changes, changes in circulation, cholestatic jaunhce, dermatitis, encephalitis, fasciculations, flaccid paralysis without anesthesia, hemorrhage, hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), increased body temperature, interstitial fibrosis, muscle weakness, proteinuria, recording from peripheral motor nerve, depressed renal function tests, somnolence, structural changes in nerve sheath, thrombocytopenia, uncharacterized allergc reaction, changes in blood, teeth, and supporting structures. Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic Na2O and SOx.

Drug interactions

Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs ACE-inhibitors: flushing and hypotension reported in combination. Penicillamine: increased risk of toxicity - avoid.

Metabolism

Mainly excreted in the urine with smaller amounts in the faeces.

InChI:InChI=1/C4H6O4S.Au.2Na/c5-3(6)1-2(9)4(7)8;;;/h2,9H,1H2,(H,5,6)(H,7,8);;;/q;3*+1/p-3/rC4H5AuO4S.2Na/c5-10-2(4(8)9)1-3(6)7;;/h2H,1H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9);;/q;2*+1/p-2

Upstream product

• 70-49-5 DL-thiomalic acid 
• 15189-51-2 sodium tetrachloroaurate(III) 

Relevant articles and documents

X-Ray Photoelectron Spectra of Some Gold Compounds

The X-ray photoelectron spectra of a range of gold complexes with halide, phosphine, and thiol ligands is reported.Gold(I) and gold(III) complexes can readily be distinguished for each type of ligand.The use of this reults is illustrated by following the decomposition of on exposure to the X-ray beam.Systematic variations in the binding energies of the Cl 2p, Br 3p, P 2p, and S 2p levels have been observed between ligand, gold(I), and gold(III) complexes.