118948-26-8Relevant articles and documents
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Gracian,Schultz
, p. 3989 (1971)
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HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS FOR TREATING OR PREVENTING DISORDERS CAUSED BY REDUCED NEUROTRANSMISSION OF SEROTONIN, NOREPHNEPHRINE OR DOPAMINE.
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Page/Page column 70, (2012/04/04)
A heterocyclic compound represented by the general formula (1) or a salt thereof: wherein m, l, and n respectively represent an integer of 1 or 2; X represents -O- or -CH2-; R1 represents hydrogen, a lower alkyl group, a hydroxy-lower alkyl group, a protecting group, or a tri-lower alkylsilyloxy-lower alkyl group; R2 and R3, which are the same or different, each independently represent hydrogen or a lower alkyl group; or R2 and R3 are bonded to form a cyclo-C3-C8 alkyl group; and R4 represents an aromatic group or a heterocyclic group, wherein the aromatic or heterocyclic group may have one or more arbitrary substituent(s).
A bifunctional PdVMgO solid catalyst for the one-pot selective N-monoalkylation of amines with alcohols
Corma, Avelino,Rodenas, Tania,Sabater, Maria J.
supporting information; experimental part, p. 254 - 260 (2010/03/26)
It has been found that a bifunctional metal Pd/base (MgO) catalyst performs the selective monoalkylation of amines with alcohols. The reaction goes through a series of consecutive steps in a cascade mode that involves: 1) the abstraction of hydrogen from the alcohol that produces the metal hydride and the carbonyl compound; 2) condensation of the carbonyl with the amine to give an imine, and 3) hydrogenation of the imine with the surface hydrogen atoms from the metal hydride. Based on isotopic and spectroscopic studies and on the rate of each elementary step, a global reaction mechanism has been proposed. The controlling step of the process is the hydride transfer from the metal to the imine. By changing the crystallite size of the Pd, it is demonstrated that this is a structure-sensitive reaction, whereas the competing processes that lead to subproducts are not. On these bases, a highly selective catalyst has been obtained with Pd crystallite size below 2.5 nm in diameter. The high efficiency of the catalytic system has allowed us to extend the process to the one-pot synthesis of piperazines.