- Adamantane as a brain-directed drug carrier for poorly absorbed drug. 2. AZT derivatives conjugated with the 1-adamantane moiety
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Five AZT (azidothymidine) prodrugs conjugated with the 1-adamantane moiety via an ester bond were synthesized to improve the transport of AZT into the central nervous system (CNS). In in vitro degradation studies with rat and human plasma, it was demonstrated that the prodrugs were degradated enzymatically and converted quantitatively to their parent drug, AZT. As assessed by octanol-buffer partitioning, the prodrugs were much more lipophilic than AZT and were expected to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) readily. In in vivo studies, in which the prodrugs were administered intravenously to rat, the prodrugs in brain tissue were detected at 7-18 times higher concentrations than AZT in spite of the negligible amount of the prodrug in the cerebrospinal fluid. These results indicate that the introduction to AZT of the 1-adamantane moiety results in the enhancement of the BBB penetration. This pharmaceutical approach would be beneficial for the efficient treatment of the CNS infection by human immunodeficiency virus.
- Tsuzuki,Hama,Kawada,Hasui,Konishi,Shiwa,Ochi,Futaki,Kitagawa
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- HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF FUNGAL INFECTIONS
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Described are bridged compounds of the formula (I), their analogs, tautomeric forms, stereoisomers, geometrical isomers, polymorphs, hydrates, solvates, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutical compositions, metabolites and prodrugs thereof. The invention relates to compositions and methods to treat fungal infection. These compounds are selective HDAC inhibitors that act as inherent antifungal compounds or enhance the activity of other antifungal compounds such as azoles.
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Page/Page column 42
(2011/06/16)
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- Synthesis and Pharmacological Activity of Partially Modified Retro-Inverso Dermorphin Tetrapeptides
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We studied the effect of partial retro-inverso modification of selected peptide bonds of N-terminal tetrapeptide analogues of dermorphin (H-Tyr-D-Ala-Phe-Gly-Tyr-Pro-Ser-NH2).Among the 14 compounds synthesized and tested for opioid activity, some tetrapeptides have the C-terminus carrying different amide moieties; retromodifications concern the Phe-Gly bond (Ia-f) and/or the C-terminal carboxamide function (IIIa-d, IIa-d).All pseudotetrapeptide derivatives showed opioid activity in vitro and in vivo.The most potent compounds (II) have a biological potency comparable with that of the original tetrapeptides in the guinea pig ileum preparation and in the mouse tail-flick test after intracerebral or subcutaneous administration.
- Salvadori, Severo,Marastoni, Mauro,Balboni, Gianfranco,Sarto, Gian Pietro,Tomatis, Roberto
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p. 769 - 774
(2007/10/02)
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